پایش پیوسته دمای آب با استفاده از فن‌آوری تکه‌نگاری صوتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، موسسه تحقیقات آب

2 پژوهشکده مطالعات و تحقیقات منابع آب، موسسه تحقیقات آب، تهران، ایران

3 شرکت سنج آب فناوری خلیج فارس

چکیده

فن‌آوری تکه‌نگاری صوتی با ارسال و دریافت دوسویه‌ی امواج صوتی خصوصیات جریان آب از جمله سرعت و دمای آب، دبی جریان، رسوبات معلق، شوری و جهت جریان را در رودخانه‌ها، مخازن سدها، دریاچه‌ها، دریاها و اقیانوس‌ها اندازه‌گیری می‌کند. اگرچه این روش به‌طور گسترده در کشورهای توسعه‌یافته به‌کار گرفته می‌شود، اما هیچ سابقه‌ای از استفاده آن در کشورمان وجود ندارد. در این مقاله نتایج کاربرد فنآوری تکه‌نگاری صوتی برای اندازه‌گیری دمای آب برای اولین بار در کشور، ارائه شده است. جهت انجام این تحقیق دو دستگاه تکه‌نگاری صوتی به فاصله‌ی 262 متر از یکدیگر و به مدت 20 دقیقه در دریاچه‌ی هفت‌برم واقع در غرب شیراز که دریاچه‌ای کم‌عمق است قرار داده شد و امواج صوتی با بسامد 30 کیلوهرتز در هر 40 ثانیه توسط دستگاه‌ها ارسال شدند. چهار نقطه در راستای ارسال امواج صوتی نیز انتخاب شدند و دمای سطحی نقاط با استفاده از سنسور دما با دقت 1/0 درجه سانتیگراد اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که زمان طی‌شده امواج صوتی در طول آزمایش ثابت و حدود 177 میلی‌ثانیه است. تغییرات دما نیز بین 70/19 تا 90/19 درجه سانتی‌گراد اندازه‌گیری شد که با داده‌های سنسور دما مطابقت داشت. دقت اندازه‌گیری دما با استفاده از روش تکه‌نگاری صوتی حدود 04/0درجه سانتیگراد به‌دست آمد که نشان داد دما را با دقتی بهتر از سنسور دما اندازه‌گیری می‌کند. بنابراین می‌توان از فن‌آوری تکه‌نگاری صوتی برای پایش پیوسته و درازمدت دما در رودخانه‌ها، دریاچه‌ها و مخازن سدها بهره برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The continuous water temperature monitoring by using Acoustic Tomography Technology

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Bahreinimotlagh 1
  • Reza Roozbahani 2
  • Mohammad Javad Zareian 2
  • Hamid Kardan Moghadam 2
  • Kamal Mohtasham 3
1 Assistant Professor, Water Research Institute
2 Department of Water resources studies and research, Water Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
3 SanjAb Fannavari Khanlije Fars. Ltd.
چکیده [English]

Acoustic Tomography (AT) technology transmits reciprocal acoustic waves to measure the flow characteristics such as flow velocity, water temperature, suspended sediment concentration, salinity and the flow direction in rivers, dam storages, lakes, seas and the oceans. Although, this technique is widely applied in developed countries, it was not used in Iran yet. This research shows the first acoustic tomography experiment in Iran for measuring the flow velocity in a shallow lake located in the western of Shiraz City. Reciprocal sound transmissions were performed between the two acoustic stations located on both sides of the lake. The length of sound transmission line was 262 m and the central frequency was set to 30 kHz. The experiment period was 20 minutes and the acoustical data was collected at time intervals of 40s. The surface temperature was measured by a temperature sensor (accuracy= 0.1 oC) at four positions along the acoustical ray path. The results showed the arrival time of acoustic waves were approximately constant and it was 177 ms. Finally, the depth- and range-averaged sound speed and the water temperature along the ray path were estimated from the mean travel time. The temperature varied between 19.7 to 19.9 oC that was confirmed by temperature sensor data. The temperature resolution of AT technique was estimated around 0.04 oC that shows the more accuracy than the temperature sensor. The result of this study showed the ability of acoustic tomography technique to monitor the water temperature in natural aquatic environments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Underwater remote sensing
  • Acoustic tomography technique
  • Travel time method
  • Sound speed
  • Water temperature

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نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر
دوره 51، شماره 5
آذر و دی 1398
صفحه 1097-1108

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