بررسی عددی نشت از کانال های خاکی و مقایسه با اندازه گیری صحرایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 Tabriz University, Agricultural faculty, Irrigation department

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد سازه‌های آبی، گروه مهندسی آب دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 عضو هیات علمی و دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

تلفات نشت از کانال‌های خاکی سهم زیادی در تلفات آب در بخش کشاورزی دارد. درک بهتر از ماهیت تلفات نشت می‌تواند به افزایش راندمان انتقال آب کمک نموده و راه‌حل‌هایی برای حل مشکلات کمبود آب ارائه نماید. در این تحقیق برای بررسی عوامل موثر بر نشت از کانال های خاکی از شبیه‌سازی عددی استفاده شد. جهت صحت‌سنجی از اطالعات موجود از برخی از کانالهای خاکی شبکه آبیاری زاینده‌رود استفاده گردید. تعداد 246 مدل عددی شامل مقاطع مختلف کانال خاکی ذوزنقه ای، مستطیلی و مثلثی در نرم‌افزارSEEP/W  اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که برای شبیه‌سازی عددی، عرض محدوده ای معادل 15 برابر عرض سطح آب در کانال برای عدم تاثیر مرزهای کناری بر دبی نشت نیاز خواهد بود. مقایسه دبی نشتی با روابط تجربی نشان داد که روابط تجربی خطای زیادی در برآورد نشت نشان می‌دهند، هر چند رابطه موریتز با ضریب تبیین0/373 بهتر از بقیه بود. روابط رگرسیون چند متغیره خطی و غیرخطی تطابق مناسبی را برای تخمین دبی نشت ارائه نمود. رابطه خطی به دلیل دارا بودن ریشه میانگین مربعات خطای کم و سهولت کاربرد توصیه می شود. محیط خیس شده کانال عامل مهمی در نشت از کانال تشخیص داده شد، ولی شیب جداره کانال اثر اندکی بر نشت داشت. پیشنهاد می شود تا در مطالعات آینده، اثر عمق آب زیرزمینی نیز بر دبی نشتی از کانال بررسی گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Numerical Investigation of Seepage from Earth Canals and Comparison with Field Measurements

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzin Salmasi 1
  • Reza Hosseinzadehasl 2
  • Hadi Arvanaghi 3
2 1M. Sc. Student in hydraulic structures, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz-Iran
3 Associated Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz-Iran
چکیده [English]

The seepage losses from the unlined channels are a major contributor to water losses in the agricultural sector. An understanding of the nature of seepage losses can help to improved water conveyance efficiency and provides solutions for solving water scarcity problems. In this research, numerical simulation was used to study the effective factors on seepage from earth channels. To verify the available information, some of the earthen channels in Zayandehrud irrigation network were used. A number of 246 numerical models including different sections of trapezoidal, rectangular and triangular earthen channels were performed using SEEP/W software. The results showed that, for numerical simulation a width of 15 times the width of the water surface in the channel would be required for the modelling of the left and right lateral boundaries. The comparison of seepage with empirical relationships showed that the empirical relationships reveal a large error in the seepage estimation, although Moritz’s relation with the coefficient of determination 0.373 was better than the rest. Linear and nonlinear multivariate regression relationships provide a suitable match for seepage discharge estimation. Linear relationship was preferable due to small root mean square error (RMSE) and its simplicity. Wetted perimeter has been distinguished effective parameter in seepage from channel, but channel side slope had low effect on seepage. It is suggested that in future studies, the effect of groundwater depth on seepage from the channel should be considered.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Seepage
  • Earth canal
  • Numerical method
  • Boundary condition
  • Regression

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نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر
دوره 51، شماره 5
آذر و دی 1398
صفحه 843-864

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