بررسی و تحلیل اراضی جهت توسعه‌ی فیزیکی شهرهای ساحلی برمبنای معیارهای ژئوتکنیکی (مطالعه موردی: شهر بندرعباس)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد بین الملل قشم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قشم، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

3 مرکز پژوهش های مجلس شورای اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

تعیین اراضی مناسب برای گسترش شهرها، یکی از تصمیم­ گیری­ های مهم و پیچیده­ ی مدیران شهری است. متأسفانه در معیارهای توسعه شهری به پارامترهای ژئوتکنیکی توجه نشده که این پارامتر در توسعه شهرهای ساحلی حائز اهمیت است. بر این اساس، هدف اصلی مقاله حاضر، بررسی توسعه فیزیکی شهر بندرعباس با نگرش ویژه به معیارهای ژئوتکنیکی است. رهیافت اصلی پژوهش حاضر، تعیین اراضی مناسب برای توسعه­ ی فیزیکی شهر بندرعباس است که برای دستیابی به آن، از مؤلفه‌های تأثیرگذار مشتمل بر سه معیار ژئولوژیکی (6 زیر معیار)، ژئوتکنیکی (13 زیر معیار) و محیط­زیستی (4 زیر معیار) استفاده گردید. برای وزن­ دهی معیارها از روش تحلیل شبکه ­ای (ANP) استفاده شد. پس از ایجاد لایه­ های اطلاعاتی، برای رویهم ­گذاری معیارها از عملگرهای فازی AND، OR، SUM، Product، گامای 0/9، گامای 0/7 و گامای0/5 استفاده شد. از رگرسیون حداقل مربعات در انتخاب بهترین عملگر برای نشان دادن اراضی مناسب جهت توسعه شهری استفاده شد و خوشه­ بندی محلات با روش K-Mean انجام شده است. نتایج نشان داد که وزن معیارهای ژئوتکنیکی، محیط­زیستی و ژئولوژیکی به ترتیب 0/584، 0/280 و 0/135 بود. بر اساس نتایج حاصل شده، معیارهای ژئوتکنیکی در بحث توسعه شهری دارای بیشترین وزن است که در اکثر مطالعات مورد توجه قرار نگرفته است. نتایج رگرسیون OLS نشان داد که از میان عملگرهای فازی، عملگر جمع جبری SUM بیشترین همبستگی را با معیارهای پژوهش داشت و بهترین نقشه را برای تعیین اراضی توسعه شهری ارائه نمود. نتایج روش K-Mean چهار خوشه را برای توسعه شهری بندرعباس نشان داد که در خوشه­ ی اول 53/6% (30/5 کیلومترمربع) از اراضی که در نواحی شرقی و شمال شرقی بندرعباس قرار دارند، برای توسعه فیزیکی شهر کاملاً مناسب است؛30/7% (5/17 کیلومترمربع) اراضی مناسب است که در بخش شمال‌غربی قرار دارد؛ حدود 13/1% (7/5 کیلومترمربع) اراضی نامناسب و 2/4% (1/4 کیلومترمربع) از اراضی کاملاً نامناسب است. بنابراین اراضی واقع در بخش شرقی- شمال شرقی و سپس شمال‌غربی، مناسب ­ترین اراضی برای ساخت­ وسازها و توسعه­ ی فیزیکی شهر بندرعباس می ­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Study and Analysis of Lands for Physical Development of Coastal Cities Based on Geotechnical Criteria (Case Study: Bandar Abbas)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Khatibi 1
  • Mohammad Amiri 2
  • Mahdi Faghihi 3
1 PhD Student, Islamic Azad University of Qeshm Branch, Faculty of Engineering, Qeshm Island, Iran.
2 Associate professor, Faculty of Engineering, Hormozgan University, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, The Research Center of Islamic legislative Assembly, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Determining suitable lands for urban development is one of the most important and complex decisions of city managers. The main approach of the present study is to determine suitable lands for the physical development of Bandar Abbas, to achieve which, one of the effective components including geological criteria (6 sub criteria), geotechnical (13 sub criteria) and environmental (4 sub criteria) Was used. ANP method was used to weight the criteria. After creating the information layers, fuzzy operators AND, OR, SUM, Product, gamma 0.9, gamma 0.7, and gamma 0.5 were used to superimpose the criteria. OLS was used to select the best operator to show suitable lands for urban development and the clustering of neighborhoods was done by K-mean method. The results showed that the weights of geotechnical, environmental, and geological criteria were 0.584, 0.280, and 0.135, respectively. The results of OLS showed that among the fuzzy operators, the SUM algebraic operator had the highest correlation with the research criteria and provided the best map for determining urban development lands. The results of K-mean method showed 4 clusters for urban development of Bandar Abbas. In the first cluster, 53.6% (30.5 km2) of the lands located in the eastern and northeastern regions of Bandar Abbas, are quite suitable for the physical development of the city.  30.7% (17.5 km2) of suitable land is located in the northwestern part; About 13.1 percent (7.5 km2) of unsuitable land and 2.4 percent (1.4 km2) of completely unsuitable lands. Therefore, the lands located in the east-northeast and then northwest are the most suitable lands for the construction and physical development of Bandar Abbas.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Network analysis
  • OLS
  • fuzzy functions
  • geotechnics
  • Bandar Abbas
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