ارزیابی منابع آب محدوده مطالعاتی هشتگرد بر اساس سیستم حسابداری زیست‌محیطی و اقتصادی برای آب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده مهندسی عمران-محیط‏ زیست، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران

2 دانشکده مهندسی و مدیریت آب، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به نقش آب در توسعه اجتماعی ـ اقتصادی کشورها و همچنین مشکلات کمی و کیفی منابع آب که باعث ایجاد بحران می‌گردند، روی آوردن به رویکردی جامع در این زمینه ضرورت می‌یابد. بر این اساس استفاده از مدیریت یکپارچه منابع آب در برنامه‌ریزی و سیاست‌گذاری‌های منابع آب مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. حسابداری آب به وسیله فراهم‌آوری مجموعه اطلاعات مورد نیاز به منظور ارزیابی یکپارچه منابع آب مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد. در میان انواع چارچوب‌های حسابداری آب، سیستم حسابداری زیست‌محیطی و اقتصادی برای آب یک ابزار مفید بوده که با سیستم اطلاعاتی و پشتیبانی از مدیریت یکپارچه منابع آب می‌تواند در تصمیم‌گیری‌های آگاهانه در موارد مختلف مانند تخصیص منابع آب به طور کارآمد، درک اثرات مدیریت آب بر همه کاربران، بهبود بهره‌وری آب و غیره به سیاست‌گذاران کمک کند. در این مطالعه، با استفاده از سیستم حسابداری اشاره شده، حساب‌های آب مربوط به محدوده مطالعاتی هشتگرد در سال‌های 1385 و 1395 ایجاد شده و سپس با تولید نشانگرهای منابع آبی، اقتصادی و همچنین اجتماعی، ارزیابی سیستم منابع آب منطقه هشتگرد انجام شده است. نتایج ارزیابی، نشان ‌دهنده وضعیت نامساعد منابع آب محدوده مطالعاتی است به این صورت که بخش کشاورزی با 5/95 درصد مصرف آب بیشترین تاثیر را در بالا بودن مقادیر نشانگرهای تنش آبی نسبی و شدت مصرف آب دارد و علی‌رغم افزایش مصرف آب، بهره‌وری اقتصادی در این بخش کاهش یافته است. علاوه بر این با وجود کمبود آب در این منطقه و مقدار کم سرانه آب تجدیدپذیر همچنان مصرف آب رو به افزایش است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Water resources assessment in Hashtgerd study area based on the system of environmental-economic accounting for water

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shiva Rajaeian 1
  • Hamed Ketabchi 2
  • Taghi Ebadi 1
1 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Amirkabir University, Tehran, Iran
2 Dept. of Water Engineering and Management, Tarbiat Modares Univ., Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Considering the role of water in the socio-economic development of countries as well as the quantitative and qualitative problems of water resources that cause crises, it is necessary to take a comprehensive approach in this field. Accordingly, the use of integrated water resources management in the planning and policy-making of water resources has been considered. Water accounting is used to provide an integrated assessment of water resources by the provision of needed data set. Among the various water accounting frameworks, the system of environmental-economic accounting for water is a suitable tool that, with its information system and support for integrated water resources management, can help policy-makers to make informed decisions in various fields, such as water allocation, improving water efficiency, and so on. In this study, by the mentioned framework, water accounts related to Hashtgerd study area in 2006 and 2016 have been compiled. Then, by calculation of water resources, economic and social indicators, the assessment of the water resources system in the area has been conducted. The results indicate the critical status of water resources in the study area in such a way that the agricultural sector with 95.5% of water consumption has the greatest impact on the high values of relative water stress and water consumption intensity and although water consumption has increased, economic water productivity in this sector has declined. In addition, despite the state of water scarcity and the low per capita amount of renewable water resources, water consumption is still increasing.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Integrated management
  • Water consumption
  • Water recourse assessment
  • Water accounting
  • SEEA-Water
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