بررسی تثبیت خاک با استفاده از نانو پلیمر پلی‌لاتیس (مطالعه موردی: منطقه حسین‌آباد میش مست استان قم)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس- دانشکده مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست

2 تهران- دانشگاه تربیت مدرس- دانشکده مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست- ص.پ. 397-14115

چکیده

فرسایش بادی و گردوغبار ناشی از آن امروزه به صورت یک معضل زیست محیطی، نه تنها مناطق بیابانی بلکه کل کشور را تحت تاثیر خود قرار داده است. شروع بحران ریزگردها در کشور به اوایل دهه هشتاد بازمی‌گردد. ابتدا ریزگردها از غرب و جنوب غربی وارد کشور شدند و به مرورزمان به نواحی مرکزی نیز راه یافتند. گردوغبار تحت تاثیر عوامل مختلف طبیعی و مصنوعی پدید می‌آید؛ روش‌های مختلفی جهت تثبیت خاک نظیر استفاده از بادبند، کاشت گیاه و استفاده از مالچ وجود دارد. استفاده از روش‌های نوین تثبیت خاک به دلیل کاهش اثرات سو بر محیط زیست، جایگزینی مناسب برای مالچ نفتی است. تثبیت خاک با استفاده از نانو پلیمر پلی لاتیس قشر یکنواخت به هم چسبیدهای را به وجود می‌آورد که در برابر سرعت بالای باد مقاوم بوده و اثرات تخریبی کمتری بر روی محیط زیست دارد. در این تحقیق، از خاک منطقه حسین آباد میش مست در نزدیکی دریاچه نمک قم، جهت بررسی تثبیت خاک با استفاده از نانو پلیمر پلی لاتیس استفاده شده است. خاک‌ها پس از گذشتن از الک 2 میلی‌متر در سینی‌هایی به ابعاد 80*80*3 سانتی‌متر و با مقدار 1 ،5/1 و 2 لیتر بر مترمربع پلی لاتیس تثبیت شده‌اند. این نمونه‌ها در بازه‌های زمانی 7 و 30 روزه پس از مالچ پاشی در معرض باد با سرعت‌های 10 ،15 و 20 متر بر ثانیه قرار گرفته و پایداری آنها در برابر باد بررسی شد. نمونه‌های تثبیت شده 7 و 30 روزه با مقدار 1 لیتر بر مترمربع پلی لاتیس در سرعت باد 20 متر بر ثانیه پایداری خود را از دست دادند؛ اما سایر نمونه‌ها در برابر باد با سرعت‌های مختلف، پایداری خود را حفظ نمودند. در نمونه‌های تثبیت شده با 2 لیتر بر مترمربع پلی لاتیس و سرعت باد 20 متر بر ثانیه، غلظت گردوغبار خاک منطقه حسین آباد نسبت به خاک شاهد در تثبیت 7 و 30 روزه به ترتیب کاهشی 60 و 50 برابری داشته و مقدار ذرات ته‌نشین شده در طول کانال نیز کاهش چشمگیری یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Soil Stabilization by Nano Polymer Polylatice (Case Study: Hossein Abad Area of Qom Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Mehdi Bakhshi 1
  • Bita Ayati 2
  • Hossein Ganjidoust 1
1 Tarbiat Modares Univ., Civil & Environmental Eng. Faculty, Env. Eng. Div. P.O. Box 14115-397 Tehran, Iran
2 Tarbiat Modares Univ., Civil & Environmental Eng. Faculty, Env. Eng. Div. P.O. Box 14115-397 Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Today, wind erosion and the dust caused by it, as an environmental problem, affects not only the desert regions of Iran, but also the entire country. The beginning of haze crisis in Iran originates in the last two decades. At first, the haze entered the country through the west and southwest of the country and gradually reached the central areas. The dust can be caused by various natural and artificial factors. There are different methods for soil stabilization, such as using windbreak, planting and use of mulch. The use of new soil stabilization methods, due to reduced environmental impacts, is a suitable alternative for oil mulch. Soil stabilization by using Nano polymer polylatice creates a uniformly coherent cortex that is resistant to high wind speed and has less environmental degradation effects. In this research, the soil of the Hossein Abad area, near the salt lake of Qom, has been used for wind erosion test to verify the stabilization with the use of nano polymer polylatice. After passing through a 2 mm sieve, the soils were stabilized with concentrations of 1, 1.5 and 2 L/m2 of polylatice in trays with dimensions of 80*80*3 cm. These specimens were exposed to wind by three different velocities, including 10, 15 and 20 m/s, during 7 and 30 days and their stabilities were analyzed against wind. The concentration of dust of the Hossein Abad area in the 7 and 30-day stabilization decreased by 60 and 50 times at a wind speed of 20 m/s, respectively and as time passed by after adding mulch, the amount of particles deposited along the channel were also decreased significantly.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil Stabilization؛ Wind Erosion؛ Mulch
  • Nano Polymer Polylatice؛ Hossein Abad Qom

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نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر
دوره 52، شماره 12
اسفند 1399
صفحه 3237-3248

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