ارزیابی مشخصات مکانیکی بتن‌های ساخته شده با ضایعات متاکائولن، سرباره‌ی ذوب آهن و سرباره‌ی ذوب مس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد عمران سازه دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بندرعباس، بندرعباس، ایران

2 استادیار گروه عمران دانشکده فنی و مهندسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز، تبریز، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد معماری، موسسه آموزش عالی معماری و هنر پارس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

بتن مهم‌ترین مصالح مصرفی در ساخت و سازهای عمرانی می‌باشد که استفاده از آن رو به افزایش است. سیمان به عنوان یکی از اجزای تشکیل دهنده بتن انرژی فراوانی برای تولید آن مصرف می‌شود و از سوی دیگر موجب تولید 8 درصد گازکربنیک تولید شده در جهان است. در تحقیق حاضر به بررسی خصوصیات مکانیکی و دوام بتن ساخته شده با پوزولان های سرباره ذوب مس، سرباره ذوب آهن و متاکائولن به عنوان جایگزین سیمان پرداخته شده است. تعداد 16 طرح اختلاط با درصدهای مختلف جایگزینی سرباره ذوب مس، سرباره ذوب آهن، ضایعات متاکائولن جمعا 384 نمونه ساخته SSD1 در نظر گرفته شده است، ابتدا سنگدانه شد. طرح اختلاط طبق آیین‌نامه آمریکا 1.211 ACIو شرایط مصالح‌های خشک سپس مواد سیمانی پس از آن آب و در نهایت محلول فوق روان کننده به تدریج به مخلوط اضافه شد. بر روی طرح‌ها در حالت تازه، آزمایش اسلامپ و در حالت سخت شده در سنین 7 ،14 ،28 و 90 روزه آزمایش مقاومت فشاری براساس استاندرد 1881 BSو در سن 28 روزه آزمایش نفوذ آب تحت فشار طبق 5-1048 DIN انجام گرفت. در تمامی طرح‌های حاوی پوزولان شاهد کاهش جذب آب در مقایسه با طرح بدون پوزولان هستیم. در، درصد ثابت جایگزینی نفوذ آب تحت فشار مربوط به طرح‌های حاوی متاکائولن و بیشترین مربوط به طرح‌های حاوی سرباره ذوب مس می‌باشد .

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Concrete Made with Metakaolin Scrap, Melting Iron Slag and Copper Smelting Slag

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi DarvishNezhad Aliabad 1
  • Yusef Zandi 2
  • Zahra DarvishNezhad Aliabad 3
1 Department of Civil Engineering Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran
2 Department of Civil Engineering Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
3 Department of Architect Branch, Pars University of Architecture and Art, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Concrete is the most important consumable in constructional construction, which is increasing. Cement is used as a constituent of concrete to produce it, and on the other hand it produces 8% of the world’s carbon dioxide produced. In this study, the mechanical properties and durability of concrete made with copper smelting slag, iron melt slag and metalaoleene as a substitute for cement have been investigated. A total of 384 samples were made up of 16 mixing designs with varying degrees of replacement of copper smelting slag, iron smelting, and metalaole waste. Mixing scheme According to the American ACI 211.1 regulations and the conditions for the SSD materials, dry aggregates then cement materials after that, and finally the supernatant, were gradually added to the mixture. On the designs in a fresh state, a slump test, and in a hardened condition at the age of 7, 14, 28, and 90 days, the compressive strength was tested according to standard BS 1881 and at 28 days of pressure test in accordance with DIN 1048-5. In all designs containing pozzolan, we see a decrease in water absorption compared to a pozzolan design. In, the constant percent displacement of water under pressure is related to the designs containing metalaole and the most related to the plans containing copper smelting slag.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Concrete technology
  • Mechanical Properties of Concrete
  • Metakaolin Scrap
  • Melting Iron Slag
  • Copper Smelting Slag
[1] Y. Zandi, M. Darvishnezhad Aliabad, M. Shariati, A. Nosrati and K. Khademi, “Portland cement structure and its major oxides and fineness,” SMART STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 2018 10 01 ,432-425.
[2] M. Siafi Sharifi, The role of polypropylene fibers and glass on self-compacting lightweight concrete containing lyca and composite cement containing rice husk ash ash and silica soot, University of Gilan, 2015 (in Persian).
[3] A.A. Maghsoudi, H. Ahmadi Moghaddam, Investigation of Flexural Strength of Conventional Pozzolani Concrete in Sulfate Environment, in:  National Conference on Earthquake and Building Reinforcement, Islamic Azad University of Behbahan, 2007 (in Persian).
[4] Y. Zandi and M. Husem, “The Effect of Mineral Admixtures on Alkali-Silica Reaction in Concrete,” International Journal of Natural and Engineering Sciences, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 5-1, 2012.
[5] H. Dashti, A. Safi Khani, B. Rafiei, Investigation of Laboratory Results of Embankment Slag, Basis, Sub-Basis and Asphalt Mixtures, in:  Fourteenth Conference of Civil Engineering Students Nationwid, Semnan University, 2008 (in Persian).
[6]. I. Yildirim and M. prezzi , “Use of steel slag in subgrade Applications,” in joint Transportation Research Program Indiana, USA, 209.
[7] B. Das, S. Prakash , R. Reddy P.S and V. Misra , “An overview of utilization of slag and sludge from steel industries,” Resources Conservation and Recycling, vol. 50, pp. ,57-40 2007.
[8] A. C. 233, Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag as a Cementitious Constituent in Concrete, ACI Manual of Concrete Practice, Part1, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills., 2005.
[9] R. Oliver, “Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as Cementitious in concrete,” Journal of Materials, 1987.
[10] C. Ozyildrim, “Laboratory Investigation of lowpermeability Cocretes Containing Slag and silica Fume,” Journal of Materials, 1994.
[11] R. Original carbide, Investigation of the Impact of Slag Powder Replacement on Concrete Properties, in:  Third National Iranian Concrete Conference, Tehran, Iranian Concrete Association, 2011 (in Persian).
[12] R. Zeinali Miankoh, The role of polypropylene fiberglass and fibers on self-compacting lightweight concrete containing lyca and cement containing methaacolen and zeolite, University of Gilan, 2015 (in Persian).
[13] P. Ghoddousi, J. Ibrahim, S. Ranjbar, Investigation of short and long term compressive strength of self-compacting self-compacting concrete containing microsilica, methaquoline and slag, in:  1st National Conference on Building Materials and New Technologies in Building Industry, Islamic Azad University  Maybod, 2013 (in Persian).
[14] M. Fadaee, S.R. Mir Hosseini, M.J. Fadaee, T. Najaf Abadipour, M. Haj Ghadiri, Investigation of mechanical properties of self - compacting concrete using tailings of Sarcheshmeh Copper Mine Complex as part of cementitious materials replacement, in: P.A.R. Company, M.i.t.S.o.C. Engineering (Eds.) conference of new materials and structures in civil engineering, Shiraz, 2014 (in Persian).
[15] Melo KA, Carneiro AMP. 2011 “Effect of metakaolin’s finesses and content in selfconsolidating concrete”. Construction and Building Materials,Vol.24, pp–1529 1535.
[16] Wild S, Khatib J.M, Jones A, 1996 “Relative strength, pozzolanic activity and cement hydration in superplasticised metakaolin concrete”, Cement and Concrete Research,Vol.26, pp1544-1537.
[17] Poon C.S, Kou S.C, Lam L, 2006 “Compressive strength, chloride diffusivity and pore structure of high performance metakaolin and silica fume concrete”, Construction and Building Materials,Vol.20 , pp 865-858.
[18] F. Sayahi, H. Shirzadi, Investigation of the Effect of Using Silica with Esfahan Long Melting Furnace Slag in Concrete, in: I.M.C.o.I. Capital (Ed.) International Conference on Modern Research in Civil, Tehran, 2015 (in Persian).
[19] G. Abortion, F. Modi, Effect of slag iron furnace slag on chlorine ion penetration in concrete, in: I.C. Society (Ed.) Fifth National Iranian Concrete Conference, Tehran, 2013 (in Persian).
[20] Y. Sharifi, F. Afshun, M.A. Momeni, Reinforced Concrete Resistant to Reinforced Cement Replaced Copper at High Temperatures, in: I.C. Association (Ed.) 6th Annual Iranian Concrete Conference, Tehran, 2014 (in Persian).
[21] S.R. Mir Hosseini, M. Fadai, R. Tabatabai Mir Hosseini, M.J. Fadai, Investigation of Concrete Properties Made Using Slag Sarcheshmeh Copper Mine Complex as Part of Cement Replacement, in: M.S.I.I.o.A.a.U. Studies (Ed.) National Conference on Architecture and Sustainable Urban Landscape, Mashhad, 2014 (in Persian).
[22] S. Ayano T, “Durability of concrete with copper slag fine aggregate,” in Proceedings of the fifth CANMET, ACI international conference on durability of concrete, SP2000 ;192. p. 2000 ,58–141.
[23] R. Collins and S. Ciesielski, “Recycling and use of wastematerials and by-products inhighway,” construction national cooperative highway research programsynthesisof highway practice no, p. 199, 1994.
[24] A. Behnood, “Effects of high temperatures on highstrength concrete incorporating copper slag aggregates,” Proceedings of seventh international symposium onhighperformance concrete, vol. 75–1063, pp. SP2005 ,66-228-.
[25] “ Utilization of copper slag in the cement industry,” Taeb A, Faghihi S. . ZKGInternational, vol. 4)55), p. ,100–98 2002.
[26] ASTM C 618 , Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use as a Mineral Admixture in Concrete’.
[27] Changling, H., Osbaeck, B., Makovicky, E., 1995. Pozzolanic reaction of six principal clay minerals:activation reactivity assessments and technological effects.Cement and Concrete Research 1702–1691 ,(8) 25.
[28] K. Shahpoori Arani, Y. Zandi, J. Katebi, M. Mohammadhassani and S. Khalafi, “Computational optimized finite element modelling of mechanical interaction of concrete with fiber reinforced polymer,” 2019.
[29] Joy M. Justice‘Evaluation of Metakaolins for USE as supplementary cementitious materials’ master of science thesis in Georgia Institute of Technology April 2005.
[30] Gartner E. “Industrially interesting approaches to lowCO2 cements” , Cement and concrete composite 2004 ,pp 1498–1489.
[31] Scrivener KL, Kirkpatrick RJ. “Innovation in use and research on cementitious material” In: 12th International congress of chemistry of cement, Montreal, Canada; 2007.
[32] Rashad Alaa M, Zeedan Sayieda R. “The effect of activator concentration on the residual strength of alkali-activated fly ash pastes subjected to thermal load” Construction And Building Materials 2011 ,pp3107–3098.
[33] BS 1881, Part 1983) 122),”Testing concrete – Part 122: Method for Determination of Water Absorption”, British Standard, London, England ..
[34] DIN 1991) 5-1048),” Testing concrete; testing of hardened concrete (specimens prepared in mould)”, Deutsches Institut für Normung, Berlin, Germany.
[35] EN 2000)8-12390), “Testing Hardened Concrete - Part 8: Depth of Penetration of Water Under Pressure”, European Committee for Standardization.
[36] Potgieter-Vermaak S.S, Potgieter J.H, 2006 “Metakaolin as an Extender in South African Cement”, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, ASCE, Vol.18, pp 623-619.
[37] B.a.H.R. Center, National Code of Concrete Reliability in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Environment, First edition, in:  Journal No. D428-, Tehran, 2005 (in Persian).
[38] ASTM C642, “Standard test method for density, absorption, and voids in hardened concrete”, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 2006) ;04.02).
[39] CEB-FIP. Diagnosis And Assessment Of Concrete  Structures – ‘‘State Of The Art Report’’. CEB Bull 192; 1989: pp 85–83.