مقایسه عملکرد میراگرهای جرمی منفرد و چندگانه توزیع شده در ارتفاع برای کنترل لرزه ای چند مودی سازه بلند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

مروزه از کنترل ارتعاشات در مسائل مهندسی عمران به طور معمول استفاده می‌شود. میراگر جرمی تنظیم شونده یکی از ساده‌ترین و قابل اعتمادترین ابزار کنترلی محسوب می‌شود؛ که ترکیبی از جرم، فنر و میراگر را تشکیل می‌دهد. میراگرهای جرمی معمولا بر مبنای فرکانس مود اول سازه تنظیم می‌گردند. حساسیت میراگر جرمی تنظیم شونده به تغییرات فرکانس سازه، از نقاط ضعف این سیستم کنترلی محسوب شده و عدم تنظیم بهینه پارامتر های این سیستم و یا تغییر فرکانس سازه منجر به کاهش بازدهی این سیستم می‌شود. در این پژوهش به منظور بررسی و مقایسه عملکرد میراگر جرمی منفرد واقع در محل بیشینه جابجایی مودی (بام سازه) و میراگرهای جرمی چندگانه توزیع شده در ارتفاع سازه بر اساس تحلیل مودال، از یک سازه 40 طبقه در دو حالت خطی و غیرخطی بهره گرفته شده است. مدل‌سازی سازه به همراه هفت شتاب نگاشت زلزله‌های اعمالی با بیشینه شتاب معادل0/1 g در نرم افزار OpenSees انجام شده است. نتایج تحلیل های صورت گرفته نشان می‌دهد که کنترل سازه در حالت خطی توسط میراگرهای جرمی چندگانه تنظیم شده بر اساس مودهای اول-دوم رفتار مناسب تری نسبت به سایر حالت‌ها دارد و متوسط کاهش بیشینه جابه‌جایی بام سازه با استفاده از این نوع از میراگرها 14/5 درصد می‌باشد که حدود 2 برابر بیشتر از کاهش ناشی از حالت‌های استفاده از میراگرهای منفرد تنظیم شده، بر اساس مود اول و میراگر جرمی چندگانه‌ی تنظیم شده بر اساس مود اول یا دوم، می‌باشد. این در حالی است که با توجه به فرض تنظیم مقادیر طراحی میراگرها متناظر با رفتار ارتجاعی آن‌ها، در مدل غیرخطی سازه عملکرد میراگرهای جرمی منفرد و چندگانه ضمن کنترل پاسخ های سازه، اندکی کاهش می‌یابد. خطای 10 درصدی به منظور پوشش عدم قطعیت‌های موجود در میراگر های جرمی و سازه ناشی از تغییرات فرکانس، در تنظیم فرکانس طراحی میراگرها در نظر گرفته شده است که در این حالت نیز رفتار میراگرهای جرمی چندگانه مناسب‌تر بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparing performance of TMD and MTMD vertically distributed in height for multi-modal seismic control of tall buildings

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali akhlagh pasand 1
  • amirhosein fatollah pour 2
  • S. Mehdi Zahrai 1
1 civil engineering, school of civil engineering, university of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 civil engineering, faculty of civil engineering, university of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, vibration control in civil engineering is commonly used. Tuned mass damper (TMD) is one of the simplest and most reliable control instruments, which consists of a mass, spring, and damper. TMDs are usually set to the frequency of the first mode of the structure. The sensitivity of the TMD to the changes of structure’s frequency is considered as the weaknesses of this controlling system, and the lack of adjustment of the damper’s parameters to its optimum state or the changes in the structure’s frequency leads to the inefficiency of the system. The non-linear behavior of the structure is an example of changing the natural frequency of the structure during vibration. In this study, to investigate and compare the performance of the single mass damper in the maximum modal displacement (roof) and multiple mass dampers vertically distributed in the height of the structure, based on the modal analysis, two linear and nonlinear models of a 40-story structure were selected. The structure has been modeled in OpenSees software using seven earthquake records. The analysis results for applied earthquakes under the maximum acceleration of 1.0g show that the control of the linear structure by multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMDs) tuned to the first and second modes have more appropriate behavior than others, and the average reduction of the maximum displacement of the roof applying this type of dampers is 14.5%, which is about 2 times more than reduction of the STMD tuned to the first mode and the MTMDs tuned to the first or second modes, systems. However, due to the assumption of tuning the design parameters of the dampers corresponding to their elastic behavior, the performance of single and multiple mass dampers slightly decreases in a nonlinear model of the structure while structural responses are still controlled. Also, for the 10% error caused by misadjusting of the dampers, the behavior of MTMDs is more appropriate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • single tuned mass dampers (STMD)
  • Multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMD)
  • passive control
  • dynamic time history analysis
  • modal analysis
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