حذف نیکل و کادمیوم توسط جاذب‌های دیاتومیت، سیلت، ساقه آفتابگردان و سیمان (اجزاء تشکیل‌دهنده بتن سبز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی سیرجان

2 دانشگاه صنعتی سیرجان

چکیده

جذب سطحى یکى از رایج‌ترین روش ها جهت حذف فلزات سنگین است. اخیراً توجه زیادی به استفاده از مواد  ارزان قیمت مانند ضایعات صنایع، تولیدات غذایى و کشاورزی در مطالعات جذب سطحى شده است. ازآنجاکه قسمت عمده سازه‌ها، حوضچه‌ها و  لوله‌های انتقال فاضلاب از بتن ساخته می‌شوند، استفاده از بتن با ظرفیت جذب فلزات سنگین مى‌تواند یکى از روش‌های مؤثر در حذف آلاینده‌ها به خصوص فلزات سنگین از فاضلاب‌ها باشد. در این تحقیق از دو افزودنى دیاتومیت و ساقه آفتابگردان به عنوان جاذب فلزات سنگین کادمیوم و نیکل از فاضلاب و نیز موادی که بتوانند مقاومت، دوام و پایایى بتن را در سازه های آب و فاضلاب حفظ و حتى افزایش دهند، استفاده شد. دیاتومیت جایگزین بخشى از سیمان و آفتابگردان جایگزین بخشى از  سنگدانه مصرفى بتن شد. توانایى جذب نیکل و کادمیوم توسط اجزای مختلف تشکیل دهنده بتن (سیمان، سیلت، دیاتومیت و ساقه آفتابگردان) موردبررسى قرار گرفت. سیمان قادر به حذف کامل نیکل و کادمیوم بود. دیگر اجزای  تشکیل دهنده بتن نیز توانایى خوبى در حذف نیکل و کادمیوم داشتند. ظرفیت جاذب ها برای نیکل و کادمیوم به ترتیب برای دیاتومیت، سیلت و ساقه آفتابگردان 2/85 و 1/88، 2/61 و 2/82، 18/45 و6/82  میلى‌گرم بر گرم به دست آمد. همچنین روابط مربوط به  همدماهای جذب لانگمویر و فروندلیچ برای هرکدام از جاذب‌ها  اندازه‌گیری شد و نتایج نشان داد هر دو  هم‌دمای لانگمویر و فروندلیچ برای توصیف فرایند جذب نیکل و کادمیوم توسط جاذب‌ها مناسب هستند. تکه‌های بتنى کادمیوم را به طور کامل حذف کردند اما در جذب نیکل نمونه شاهد بهترین عملکرد را داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Removal of Nickel and Cadmium using Diatomite, Silt, Sunflower stem, and Cement (Green Concrete Components)

نویسندگان [English]

  • somayeh bakhtiari 1
  • fatemeh sotoodeh nia 1
  • meysam shahrashoub 1
  • hakimeh abbslou 2
  • tayebeh amiri 1
1 department of civil engineering, sirjan university of technology
2 sirjan university of technology
چکیده [English]

Adsorption is one of the common treatment applied in heavy metal removal. Recently, studies of low-cost adsorbents, which usually are waste products from industrial, agricultural and food productions and are produced abundantly, gained intensively attention to the scientist.. Since most of the structures, ponds, and drainage pipelines are made of concrete, the use of adsorbent concrete can be an effective way to remove pollutants, especially heavy metals from wastewater. In this research, diatomite and sunflower stems were used as concrete additives to adsorb cadmium and nickel from wastewater as well as materials that could maintain and even increase the strength, durability, and stability of concrete in water and wastewater structures. Diatomite was replaced with part of the cement and sunflower replaced with part of aggregates used in concrete. The adsorption of nickel and cadmium by concrete components (cement, silt, diatomite and sunflower stem) was investigated. Cement was able to remove nickel and cadmium completely. Other components of the concrete also had a good ability to remove nickel and cadmium. The maximum adsorption capacities of Ni and Cd for diatomite, silt, and sunflower stem were 2.85, 1.88, 2.61, 2.82, 18.45, and 6.82 mgr/gr, respectively. Metal adsorption onto adsorbents was evaluated by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Results indicate that both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models are suitable. Concrete pieces removed cadmium completely, but in nickel adsorption, the control sample had the best performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Green Concrete
  • Diatomite
  • Sunflower Stem
  • Heavy Metals
  • Adsorption Isotherms
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