تدوین مدل ترکیبی بهینه‌سازی سه هدفه زمان-هزینه-سود در پروژه‌های ساخت با استفاده از تحلیل مقایسه‌ای الگوریتم‌های فرا ابتکاری موجود

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشگاه تهران

2 گروه عمران، دانشکده فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

آنالیز موازنه زمان-هزینه یکی از پر چالش‌ترین مسائل برنامه‌ریزان پروژه‌های ساخت می‌باشد. برنامه‌ریزان پروژه با مسائل پیچیده و گوناگونی در بهینه‌سازی زمان-هزینه و در عین حال در نظر گرفتن مسائل مربوط به سود پروژه مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد، روبرو می‌شوند. همچنین، پیچیدگی پروژه‌های ساخت، اهمیت مدیریت هوشمندانه هزینه‌های پروژه و برنامه ریزی راهبردی پروژه را افزایش داده است. گزینه‌ها و محدودیت‌های گوناگون موجب سخت‌تر شدن تهیه یک برنامه سودآور مناسب با در نظر گرفتن موقعیت‌های زمانی پروژه توسط برنامه‌ریزان پروژه می‌شود. پارامترهایی همچون نرخ بهره در پروژه می‌تواند بر روی مقدار نهایی سود پروژه تاثیر گذار باشد. به همین دلیل، یک برنامه‌ریز ماهر می‌بایست پارامترهای مختلف تاثیر گذار در برنامه ریزی پروژه را در نظر بگیرد. این پژوهش یک مدل ترکیبی از الگوریتم‌های فراابتکاری را برای حل یک مساله بهینه سازی سه هدفه در یک پروژه ساخت ارائه می‌دهد. الگوریتم‌های فراابتکاری به دلیل توانایی برون‌رفت از نقاط بهینه محلی می‌توانند در مسائل پیچیده نتایج قابل قبولی را در زمانی کوتاه ارائه دهند. مدل تدوین شده در ابتدا با الگوریتم‌های فراابتکاری رایج موجود در یک مساله ساده مقایسه شده و سپس بر روی یک مساله پیچیده مورد بررسی قرار می‌گیرد. جواب‌های بهینه مطالعه موردی نهایی دارای سه مقدار زمان، هزینه و ارزش خالص فعلی سود پروژه می‌باشد. در این پژوهش نشان داده می‌شود که مدل تدوین شده عملکرد مناسبی در یافتن جواب‌های بهینه با هزینه و زمان اجرای کمتر و سود بیشتر در پروژه ساخت را دارد. نتایج نهایی بدست آمده از مدل بر روی یک نمودار سه بعدی پارتو نشان داده می‌شود. همچنین مدل تدوین‌شده در طی نسل‌های الگوریتم، جواب‌ها را بهبود بخشیده و جواب‌های بهینه را در یک زمان قابل قبول ارائه می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Developing a Hybrid Optimization Scheduling Model in Construction Projects Using Comparative Analysis of Existing Meta-heuristic Algorithms

نویسنده [English]

  • Shayan Nikoukar 2
2 School of civil engineering, College of engineering faculty, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Time-cost trade-off analysis is one of the most challenging tasks of construction project planners. Project planners face complicated multivariate, Time-Cost Optimization (TCO) problems, which require simultaneous minimization of total project duration and total project cost, while considering issues related to the optimal present value of profit. Also, the complexity of construction projects in recent years has risen the importance of clever management in cases of project financing and scheduling. There are choices and limits that make it difficult to project planners to develop a proper financing plan considering project time status. Therefore, the methods of financing affect the project plan. Therefore, a skilled planner should consider various effective parameters for scheduling projects. This study presents a hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm to solve a multi-objective optimization problem in construction project planning and finance. Because of the ability to get out of local optimization points, meta-algorithms can provide satisfactory results in complex problems in a short time. First, the model is compared with common meta-heuristic algorithms in a simple case study. Then it is applied to a complex case study and it shows the optimal solutions which have time, cost and the net present value of profit. It is shown that the proposed model is superior to the existing optimization algorithms to find better project planning solutions with less total project duration, less total project cost, and optimal profit in the construction project problems. The cumulative results are shown in a three-dimensional Pareto front. Also, the proposed model improves the solutions through generations and provide optimal solutions in acceptable processing time.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hybrid meta-heuristic Algorithm
  • Scheduling
  • Multi-objective optimization
  • Profit
  • Cash flow

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نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر
دوره 52، شماره 5
مرداد 1399
صفحه 1221-1242

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