ارزیابی رفتار تحکیمی و مقاومت برشی خاک‌های رسی آلوده به شیرابه‌ زباله‌ی جامد شهری‌

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده فنی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی،اردبیل،ایران

چکیده

تأثیر شیرابه بر مشخصات خاک‌های ریزدانه به دلیل ماهیت کانی‌های تشکیل دهنده آن، بیشتر از خاک‌های دانه‌ای است. در این تحقیق با انجام 14 آزمایش تحکیم و 42 آزمایش برش مستقیم بزرگ مقیاس و تصویربرداری با میکروسکوپ الکترونیکی به بررسی تأثیرات شیرابه زباله‌های شهری بر پارامترهای مقاومتی دو نوع خاک رس با پلاستیسیته زیاد و با پلاستیسیته کم پرداخته شده است. در خاک CH و CL ، با افزایش آلودگی تا 20 درصد، مقدار تنش برشی در فشار عمودی 100 و 200 کیلوپاسکال حدود 30 درصد در کوتاه مدت و حدود 40 درصد در بلند مدت نسبت به خاک غیرآلوده کاهش یافته است. مقدار نشانه فشردگی خاک با خمیری بالا در ازای افزایش آلودگی به میزان 20 درصد، در حدود 45 درصد در بازه زمانی 96 ساعت و 180 روز کاهش یافته است. خاک‌های آلوده سریع‌تر به مقاومت برشی بیشینه خود رسیده و دچار گسیختگی می‌شوند. با افزایش آلودگی تا 20 درصد   مشاهده شد که نمونه خاک CH و CL در بلند مدت تحت فشارهای عمودی 100 و 200 کیلوپاسکال به ترتیب حدود 36 و 32 درصد زودتر)از نظر طی مسافت( نسبت به حالت غیر آلوده به مقاومت برشی بیشینه خود رسیده است. با گذر زمان تأثیر شیرابه بر رفتار برشی و تحکیمی خاک افزوده می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Consolidation and Shear Strength Behavior of Clay Soils Contaminated with Municipal Solid waste leachate

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Ouria
  • A. Farsijani
Civil Engineering Department, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this research, the effect of leachate on the shear strength parameters of fine soils was investigated in the laboratory conducting 14 consolidation, 42 large-scale direct shear test and SEM photography. Consolidation and shear tests conducted on specimens contaminated with different percentages of leachate ranging from 5% to 20% in short-term after 96 hours of contamination and long-term after 180 days of contamination. The results of these tests indicated that leachate contamination reduced the shear strength and compression index of clay. The peak shear strength of contaminated specimens achieved in lower deformations when compared to intact specimens. In the soil of CH and CL, with the increasing the leachate content up to 20% reduced the shear strength by about 30% in the short-term and by about 40% in the Long-term compared to intact specimens. In the soil of CH, with the increasing the leachate content up to 20%, reduced the compression index of soil by about 45% in compared to intact specimens. Results of this study showed that with the increasing the leachate content up to 20%, the peak shear strength of contaminated specimens achieved in lower deformations (36% lower deformations for CH and 32% lower deformations for CL) when compared to intact specimens.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Consolidation
  • Shear Clay
  • Municipal Solid Waste
  • Leachate
[1] Foreman, D.E., Daniel D.E. “Permeation of compacted clay with organic chemicals”. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE Vol.112(7),pp. 669-681,1986
[2] Gidigasu, M.D. “Laterite Soil Engineering Pedogenesis and Engineering Principles”. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Amsterdam, 1976.
[3] Gnanapragasam, N., Lewis, B.G., Finno, R.J. “Microstructural changes in sand-bentonite soils when exposed to aniline”. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 121(7), pp. 119-125, 1995.
[4] Kamon, M., Ying, C., Katsumi, T. “Effect of acid rain on lime and cement stabilized soils.” Japanese Geotechnical Society, Vol. 36(4), pp. 91-96. , 1996.
[5] Khan, A.K, Pise, P.J. “Effect of liquid wastes on the physico chemical properties of lateritic soils”. Proceedings of Indian Geotechnical Conference, December 1994, Warangal, pp.189-194,1994.
[6] Dutta, J., Mishra., A.K “ Consolidation behaviour of bentonites in the presence of salt solutions”. Elsiver. Applied Clay Science. 120.,pp 61-69. Volume 3, Issue 7. 2016.
[7] Sitaram Nayak., B. M. Sunil., S. Shrihari P. V., Sivapullaiah. “ Interactions Between Soils and Laboratory Simulated Electrolyte Solution”. Springer. Geotech Geol Eng. 28.pp:899-906.2010.
[8] V.R. Ohadi .,Amiri, M, Geo-Environmental Behaviour of nanoclay in interaction wuth Heavy Metals Contaminant, Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering, 42(3) (1389) (in Persia).
[9] Sunil, B.M., Shrihari, S., Nayak, S. “Shear strength characteristics and chemical characteristics of Leachate contaminated lateritic soils”. A Journal Engineering Geology, Vol. 106, pp 20 - 25, 2009.
[10]Pming, M., Hussain, M., Nyodu, M., Shivan, D. “ A Study on the Chemical Properties of Leachate its Effect on the Geotechnical Properties of Soil”. IJETSR. International Journal of Engineering Technology Science and Research. Volume 3, Issue 7. 2016
[11]Park, J., C. Vipulanandan, J.W. Kim and M.H. Oh,. “Effects of surfactants and electrolyte solutions on the properties of soil”. Environ. Geol., 49: 977-989.2006
[12]Sivapullaiah, P.V. and M anju, “Kaolinite-alkali interaction and effects on basic properties”. Geotech. Geol. Eng., 23: 601-214. 2005.
[13]Villar, M.V. and A. Lloret,. “Influence of temperature on the hydro-mechanical behaviour of a compacted bentonite”. Appl. Clay Sci., 26: 337-350. 2004
[14]Villar, M.V., P.L. Martin and J.M. Barcala, “Modification of physical, mechanical and hydraulic properties of bentonite by thermo-hydraulic gradients”. Eng. Geol., 81: 284-297. 2005.
[15]Nayak, S., Sunil, B.M., Shrihari, S.” Hydraulic and compaction characteristics of leachate-contaminated lateritic soil”.Elsiver. Engineering Geology:pp 137-144.2007.
[16] Estabrag, A.R., Betolahpour, I., Moradi, M., Javadi, A.A.”Consolidation behavior of two finr-grained soils contaminated by glycerol and ethanol” Engineering Geology.178.pp.102-108.2014
[17] V.R. Ohadi, Hamidi, S., Amiri, M, Impact of Heavy Metal Contaminants on Coefficient of Variations of Compression Index, Expansion Index and Permeability Coefficient of Bentonite from Micro-Structural Point of View, Journal of Civil an Environmental Engineering, 45 (1391)( in Persia)
[18] Oztoprak, S., Pisirici, B.”Effects of micro structure changed on macro behavior of Istanbul (Turkey) clays exposed to landfill leachate”. Engineering Geology.pp110-112.2011
[19] Ourth, A.S. and Verbrugge, J.C. “First Results about the Influence of Leachates on the Properties of Boom Clay”, International Conference on Geoenvironmental Engineering, London, pp.47-53 ,1999
[20] EPA, “Process Design Manual, Land Application of Municipal Sludge, Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory”, EPA-625/1-83-016, US Government Printing Offices, New York, US, 1983
[21] Goswami, D., Choudhury., B.N. “Chemical Characteristics of leachate contaminated lateritic soil”. Intenational Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology. Vol.2, Issue,4. 2013.
[22] A. Ouria, Farsijani, A., he effect of waste leachate on the mechanical behavior of high plasticity and low plasticity clay soils, Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering, (1397)(in Persia).
[23] Bolt, G.H.,. “Physico-chemical analysis of the compressibility of pure clays”.Geotechnique 6 (1), 86-93. 1956.
[24] Alawaji, H.A. Swell and compressibility characteristics of sand-bentonite mixtures inundated with liquids. Appl. Clay Sci., 15: 411-430., 1999.
[25]Kenney, T.C., W.A. van Veen, M.A. Swallow and M.A. Sungaila,. “Hydraulic conductivity of compacted bentonite-sand mixtures”. Can. Geotech. J., 29: 364-374. 1992
[26] Tuncan, A., M. Tuncan, M. Yalcin and Y. Guney,”The effects of environmental pollution on cyclic swell and shrink behaviour of Na-bentonite clay”. Proceeding 3rd International Congress on Environmental Geotechnics, 2: 57-62. 1998
[27] Low, Philip F., “Hydrogen bonding and polywater in clay-water systems”: Clays and Clay Minerals Journal. 18(1), 63-66. 1969
[28] Johann Förster, Etienne Plesiat, Alvaro Magana, Alejandro Saenz., “ Imaging of the umbrella motion and tunneling in the ammonia molecule by strong-field ionization” Phys. Rev. A 94(4), 2016.