نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر

نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر

حذف آلاینده لندفیل بهشهر به روش سدهای واکنشی نفوذپذیر با استفاده از آزمایش ستون جذب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
حامد یکه دهقان
رضا ضیایی موید
گروه فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی، قزوین، ایران
10.22060/ceej.2026.24891.8362
چکیده
این پژوهش، عملکرد جذب ترکیب زئولیت و خرده آهن (25:75 درصد) در کاهش کادمیوم و روی لندفیل بهشهر با استفاده از آزمایش ستون جذب را بررسی می‌کند. نتایج نشان داد که غلظت خروجی روی در عمق 20 سانتی‌متر پس از 18 روز و در عمق 40 سانتی‌متر پس از 23 روز زیر حد مجاز باقی می‌ماند، در حالی که کادمیوم در همان عمق‌ها به ترتیب 10 و 18 روز عملکرد ایمن دارد، که بیانگر بحرانی‌تر بودن کادمیوم در طراحی جاذب است. براساس مدل‌های دینامیکی توماس و یون – نلسون، ظرفیت بیشینه جذب (q0) برای روی در عمق 20 و 40 سانتی‌متر به ترتیب (mg/g) 23/4و (mg/g) 14 و برای کادمیوم (mg/g) 0/6 و (mg/g) 0/44 و ثابت سرعت مدل توماس (kTh) برای روی (L/day.mg)0/001 و (L/day.mg)0/0009 و برای کادمیوم (L/day.mg) 0/43 و ( (L/day.mg0/3 برآورد شد. زمان نیمه شکست ستون جذب (τ) در عمق 20 و 40 سانتی‌متر برای روی 68 و 72 روز و برای کادمیوم 37 و 52 روز بود. کاهش q0 با افزایش عمق ستون به دلیل پایین بودن حد مجاز غلظت خروجی و توقف زودهنگام آزمایش است، به‌طوری‌که بخشی از جرم جاذب تا پایان آزمایش فعال نشده و مدل توماس ظرفیت واقعی ستون‌های عمیق‌تر را نشان نمی‌دهد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که ثابت سرعت و نرخ اشباع شدن جاذب با افزایش عمق ستون جذب به دلیل افزایش زمان تماس جاذب و آلاینده کاهش می‌یابد. در انتها با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده طراحی ضخامت جاذب برای حفظ غلظت خروجی زیر حد استاندارد تعیین گردید.
کلیدواژه‌ها
سد های واکنشی نفوذپذیر
آزمایش ستون جذب
لندفیل
کادمیوم
روی
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Removal of Contaminants from Behshehr Landfill Using Permeable Reactive Barriers in Column Adsorption Test

نویسندگان English

Hamed Yekehdehghan
Reza Ziaie Moayad
Ph.D. Candidate, Imam Khomeini International University, Civil Engineering Faculty
چکیده English

Groundwater contamination by heavy metals, particularly cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn), is a serious environmental problem associated with landfill leachate and industrial activities. Due to their persistence, mobility, and toxicity, these metals threaten ecosystems and human health. Among available remediation methods, permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) have attracted considerable attention because of their long-term effectiveness, low maintenance costs, and minimal disturbance to subsurface environments. The performance of a PRB mainly depends on the characteristics of the reactive medium and its ability to remove contaminants under continuous groundwater flow. This study evaluated a reactive medium composed of 75 wt.% natural clinoptilolite zeolite and 25 wt.% recycled iron filings for removing cadmium and zinc from groundwater under laboratory column conditions representative of the Behshahr landfill site. A Plexiglas column (9 cm diameter and 40 cm height) was used to simulate contaminant transport through the PRB. Influent concentrations were 100 mg/L Zn and 5 mg/L Cd, based on measured landfill leachate concentrations. Effluent samples collected at different depths were analyzed using ICP–MS. Breakthrough curves were interpreted using the Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models to evaluate adsorption capacity, kinetic parameters, and breakthrough behavior. The experimental data were also used to estimate the required PRB thickness for different service lifetimes. The results showed that increasing the reactive-bed depth significantly delayed breakthrough and extended the effective service life of the barrier. Zinc exhibited higher adsorption capacity and longer breakthrough times than cadmium, whereas cadmium reached the regulatory limit earlier and therefore governed the PRB design. Both the Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models adequately described the experimental breakthrough curves, confirming their suitability for predicting contaminant transport in fixed-bed systems. The estimated PRB thickness increased with design lifetime and was consistently greater for cadmium than for zinc. Overall, the combined use of zeolite and recycled iron filings proved to be an efficient and sustainable reactive medium for groundwater remediation affected by landfill leachate.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Permeable Reactive Barriers
Column Adsorption Test
Landfill
Cadmium
Zinc
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نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر
دوره 58، شماره 4
1405
صفحه 531-546