پاکسازی خاک آلوده به گازوئیل با استفاده از سورفکتانت‌های شیمیایی و بیولوژیکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 پژوهشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

امروزه آلودگی خاک توسط نفت خام و مشتقات آن از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار بوده به‌طوری که به یکی از اصلی‌ترین چالش‌های زیست‌محیطی در سطح جهان تبدیل شده‌است. هدف از این تحقیق، پاکسازی خاک آلوده به گازوئیل توسط فرآیند خاکشویی بهبود یافته توسط سورفکتانت‌های شیمیایی و بیولوژیکی در مقیاس آزمایشگاهی بوده است. بدین منظور از دو سورفکتانت‌ شیمیایی Triton X100، SDS و ترکیبی از آنها و همچنین سورفکتانت بیولوژیکی سنتز شده رامنولیپید استفاده شد. در این تحقیق که در یک ستون خاک از جنس پلکسی‌گلس با حجم تقریبی ml400 انجام شد، تاثیر پارامترهایی نظیر غلظت سورفکتانت، pH محلول، دانه‌بندی خاک، تغییر جهت جریان شستشو و غلظت آلاینده به عنوان متغیرهای مستقل بر پاکسازی خاک مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در این پژوهش حداکثر راندمان حذف کل هیدروکربن‌های نفتی (TPH) از خاک (حاوی 10% رس و آلوده به mg/kg 10000 گازوئیل) به میزان %78 پس از 12 ساعت، در pH برابر با 7/8 و توسط سورفکتانت ترکیبی TX100-SDS (با نسبت اختلاط 80:20 و غلظت g/lit5) و دبی ml/min1/5 حاصل شد. اگرچه در این پژوهش بر اساس نتایج حاصل، رامنولیپید نسبت به سایر سورفکتانت‌های مصرفی، راندمان حذف کمتری داشت، اما به دلیل دارا بودن خاصیت زیست تخریب‌پذیری و همچنین سمیت پائین‌تر در مقایسه با سایر سورفکتانت‌های شیمیایی مورد استفاده به عنوان یک گزینه بالقوه پایدار، برای رسیدن به کاربرد موثر و اثربخشی بهتر، نیازمند بررسی و تحقیقات بیشتری می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Remediation of diesel contaminated soil using chemical and biological surfactants

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sahar Mansoury 1
  • Nader Mokhtarani 2
1 Civil And Environmental Engineering Faculty; Tarbiat Modares University
2 Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University
چکیده [English]

Today, soil pollution by crude oil and its derivatives is of great importance, and it has become one of the serious environmental challenges in the world. This study aimed to remediate diesel-contaminated soil by enhancing the soil-washing process using chemical and biological surfactants on a laboratory scale. For this purpose, the chemical surfactants of Triton X 100, SDS, and the synthesized natural surfactant of rhamnolipid were used. During this process, carried out in a Plexiglas column with an approximate volume of 400 ml, the effect of parameters such as surfactant concentration, solution pH, soil texture, flow direction, and pollutant concentration as independent variables on soil treatment was investigated. In this study, the maximum total petroleum hydrocarbonsremoval efficiency of 78% from contaminated soil (containing 10% clay and contaminated with 10,000diesel) was achieved after 12 hours of soil washing using a combined surfactant of TX100-SDS (mixing ratio of 80:20 and a concentration of 5) with a flow rate of 1.5at a pH of 7.8. Although in this research, rhamnolipid had a lower removal efficiency than other surfactants, due to its biodegradability and lower toxicity compared to other chemical surfactants used, as a potentially sustainable option to achieve efficient application and better effectiveness; it requires more investigation and research.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil Flushing
  • Bio Surfactant
  • Chemical Surfactant
  • Diesel
  • Soil Pollution

مراجع

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نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر
دوره 56، شماره 7
1403
صفحه 827-844

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