تعیین استراتژی مناسب سیستم نگهداری و تعمیرات ساختمان (مطالعه موردی: شهر کرج)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران.

2 گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

چکیده

یکی از مشکلات عمده در فعالیت‌های نگهداری و تعمیرات (نت) در ساختمان‌ها عدم توانایی در تعریف صحیح شاخص‌ها و زیر شاخص‌‌های اندازه‌‌گیری عملکرد فعالیت‌‌های نت می‌‌باشد. ارزیابی سیستم نت در ساختمان یکی از فاکتور‌‌های کلیدی در بهبود کیفیت انجام فرآیندهای نت است. ازاین‌رو جهت پیاده‌سازی استراتژی‌‌های مناسب باید معیارهای تأثیرگذار بر سیستم نت را شناسایی نمود. انتخاب سیاست‌‌های مناسب نت، یک مسئله مهم تصمیم‌گیری راهبردی است که در کاهش هزینه و طول عمر ساختمان‌ها تأثیرگذار است. در این تحقیق، با استفاده ازنظر خبرگان و با بهره‌گیری روش دلفی شاخص‌‌ها و زیر شاخص‌‌های مؤثر بر سیستم نت شناسایی و با استفاده از ابزار تصمیم‌یار رتبه‌‌بندی شدند. همچنین به‌منظور ارزیابی سیستم نت، مطالعه موردی بر روی ساختمان‌‌های موجود در شهر کرج انجام پذیرفت. تحلیل نتایج حاصل نشان داد شاخص ایمنی ازنظر خبرگان، دارای بالاترین رتبه بوده ولیکن با بررسی نتایج مطالعه موردی این رتبه به معیار بهداشت اختصاص داده شد، سپس با استفاده از روش تجزیه‌وتحلیل ارزیابی گام‌به‌گام اوزان مهم‌ترین سیاست‌‌های مؤثر بر نت ساختمان از میان هفت استراتژی، ازکارافتادگی/ مبتنی بر شکست، استراتژی واکنشی/ اضطراری، استراتژی اصلاحی، استراتژی پیشگیرانه، استراتژی پیش‌گویانه/مبتنی بر وضعیت، استراتژی بهره‌‌ور فراگیر، استراتژی مؤثر یا پیش اقدامانه، شناسایی‌شده و با بکار گیری نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از مطالعات و استفاده از روش راه‌حل توافقی و بهینه‌سازی چندمعیاره نشان داده شد که سیاست‌‌های اصلاحی و ازکارافتادگی/ مبتنی بر شکست بهترین سیاست‌های نگهداری و تعمیرات ساختمان می‌باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determining Appropriate Strategy for Building Repair and Maintenance System (Case Study, Karaj, Iran)

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad kheradranjbar 1
  • Mirali Mohammadi 2
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj
2 Associate Prof. in Civil Eng. Hydraulics & River Mechanics, Dept. of Civil Eng., Faculty of Eng., Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

Failure to define the indicators and sub-indicators for measuring the performance of Repair and Maintenance (R&M) activities is one of the significant issues in a building to increase its life expectancy. Evaluation of R&M system in a building is one of the key factors in improving the quality of R&M performance steps. Therefore, to implement appropriate strategies, the criteria affecting on R&M system must be identified. Also, choosing the proper net policy is a strategic decision-making problem that effectively reduces the cost and longevity of buildings. In this research, by using the experts’ opinion and the Delphi method, the indicators and sub-indicators affecting the R&M system were identified, and those indicators were graded using the decision tool. The existing buildings in Karaj city as a case study were then considered to evaluate the proposed system. Analysis of the results shows that the safety index has the highest grade according to the experts’ opinion, but by reviewing the results of the case study, this rank was assigned to the health criterion. Then, by using the SWARA technique, the most critical policies affecting buildings’ R&M are identified among Emergency Maintenance (EM), Breakdown Maintenance, Corrective Maintenance (CM), Preventive Maintenance (PM), Predictive Maintenance (PdM), Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), Proactive maintenance. Applying the VIKOR method and the results of both approaches revealed that Corrective Maintenance (CM) and Breakdown Maintenance (BM) policies are the best for buildings, R&M policies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Repairs and Maintenance
  • R&M strategies
  • AHP
  • SWARA
  • VIKOR
  • Karaj

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نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر
دوره 55، شماره 9
آذر 1402
صفحه 1801-1824

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