بررسی تأثیر بادشکن‎های طبیعی بر خاک‌های ماسه‎ای روان و تعیین نوع بادشکن بهینه با استفاده از روش (DBA) (مطالعه موردی استان سیستان و بلوچستان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده عمران، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع)، تهران، ایران

2 دانشکده عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

استان سیستان و بلوچستان در جنوب شرقی ایران قرار دارد و از اقلیمی خشک و نامساعدی برخوردار است. به علت تغییرات زیست محیطی از جمله خشک شدن دریاچه هامون و همچنین وقوع بادهای موسوم به 120 روزه، شرایط مناسبی جهت فرسایش بادی خاک منطقه و وقوع طوفان‌های گرد و خاک و نیز ­حرکت تپه ‎های ماسه ‎ای با سرعت زیاد فراهم شده است. یکی از روش ­های جلوگیری از این امر استفاده از بادشکن­ های طبیعی است. بادشکن­ ها به عنوان مانعی تعریف می‎ شوند که سرعت باد را کاهش داده و معمولاً در آن‌ها از پوشش‎ های گیاهی به عنوان مانع استفاده می‎ شود. کارکرد بادشکن‎ ها کاهش سرعت باد، تغییر جهت و زاویه باد در اطراف منطقه بادشکن است با استفاده از مکان‌یابی و احداث بادشکن‎ها تا حدود زیادی می­ توان از جابه‌جایی تپه‎ های روان جلوگیری نمود. هدف از این تحقیق تعیین گونه ‎های گیاهی مناسب استان جهت احداث بادشکن طبیعی و انتخاب نمونه بهینه با استفاده از روش مبتنی بر فاصله است. همچنین با بررسی‌های صورت گرفته میزان کاهش سرعت باد قبل و بعد از بادشکن و فاصله مناسب احداث آن از یک منطقه خاص تعیین گردید. در نهایت مشخص گردید که درختان چش و کرت، بنه، گز، تاغ و بادام‌کوهی جهت کاشت در این منطقه گونه­ های مناسبی هستند. همچنین با استفاده از روش DBA تعیین گردید که درخت چش و کرت جهت احداث بادشکن از سایر گونه‎ ها بهینه‎ تر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of the effect of natural windbreaks on flowing sandy soils and determining the type of optimal windbreak using the method (DBA) (Case study of Sistan and Baluchestan province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohmmad Hossein Taghavi Parsa 1
  • Saeed Ahmadi 2
1 Ihu
2 Khajeh Nasir al-Din Tusi University
چکیده [English]

Sistan and Baluchestan province is located in the southeast of Iran and has a dry and unfavorable climate. Due to environmental changes such as the drying up of Lake Hamoon and the occurrence of so-called 120-day winds, suitable conditions have been provided for wind erosion of the soil and the occurrence of dust storms and the movement of sand dunes at high speed. One way to prevent this is to use natural windbreaks. Windbreaks are defined as barriers that reduce wind speed and usually use vegetation as a barrier. The function of windbreaks is to reduce wind speed, change the direction and angle of the wind around the windbreak area. By locating and constructing windbreaks, the movement of flowing hills can be prevented to a large extent. The purpose of this study is to determine the appropriate plant species in the province for the construction of natural windbreaks and select the optimal sample using the distance-based method. Also, with the studies performed, the amount of decrease in wind speed before and after the windbreak and the appropriate distance of its construction from a specific area were determined. Finally, it was found that Chesh and Kurt, coriander, turmeric, hawthorn and almond trees are suitable species for planting in this area. Also, using the DBA method, it was determined that the Acacia Nilotica tree is more optimal than other species for the construction of windbreaks.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Quicksand
  • Storm
  • Natural windbreak
  • Sistan and Baluchestan
  • DBA method

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نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر
دوره 54، شماره 9
آذر 1401
صفحه 3603-3616

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