شمدل‌سازی عددی پدیده‌ی تولید ماسه به کمک همبسته‌سازی روش‌های اجزای مجزا و شبکه بولتزمن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

پدیده تولید ماسه سالانه هزینه‌ی گزافی را به ‏صنعت نفت تحمیل می‌کند و در این پژوهش، به شبیه‌سازی عددی این پدیده پرداخته شده است. هدف از این پژوهش، علاوه بر شناخت ‏کامل‌تر سازوکار ریزمقیاس تولید ماسه در توده‌های ماسه‌ای تحکیم‌نیافته (فاقد چسبندگی)، بررسی اثرگذاری دو عامل تنش ‏همه‌ جانبه و فشار سیال است. از روش‌های اجزای مجزا برای مدل‌سازی توده و روش شبکه‌ی بولتزمن جهت شبیه‌سازی رفتار جریان سیال از میان محیط متخلخل خاکی استفاده شد و اندرکنش جریان سیال و محیط دانه‌ای با ‏استفاده از روش مرز متحرک مستغرق همبسته گردید. با توسعه یک برنامه رایانه‌ای، پدیده‌ی تولید ماسه تحت جریان شعاعی سیال در دو بُعد شبیه‌سازی شد. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش مقدار تنش همه‌ جانبه، مقدار ماسه‌ی تولیدی ‏و نرخ تولید ماسه افزایش می‌یابد. همچنین، پس از شروع تولید ماسه و افزایش تعداد سیکل‌های محاسباتی، به دلیل ‏تشکیل کمان ماسه‌ی پایدار در اطراف حفره‌ی مرکزی چاه، نرخ تولید ماسه در تمام نمونه‌ها کاهش می‌یابد. کمان‌های ماسه‌ای مستعد ‏فروپاشی بوده و پس از ناپایداری هر یک از آن‌ها، کمان جدید با قطری بزرگ‌تر جایگزین کمان قبل می‌شود. با بررسی چگونگی تولید ماسه با مقادیر گوناگون افت فشار سیال مشخص گردید که علی‌رغم تأثیر اندک مقدار فشار سیال بر تولید ماسه در تنش‌های کم، در سطوح تنش بالا افزایش اختلاف فشار سیال سبب افزایش فرسایش ذرات (بیش از دو برابر، با افزایش 50 درصدی فشار ‏سیال) می‌شود. این ‏مطالعه نشان داد مدل همبسته‌ی اجزای مجزا - شبکه‌ی بولتزمن در حالت دو بُعدی، می‌تواند سازوکار حاکم بر پدیده‌ی ‏تولید ماسه را به خوبی بیان ‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Numerical Simulation of Sand Production Using Coupled DEM-LBM

نویسندگان [English]

  • siavosh Hohari
  • Ehsan Seyedi Hosseininia
Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
چکیده [English]

Sand production imposes a considerable cost on the oil industry. In the current study, this phenomenon is studied numerically to better understand the particulate mechanism of sanding in unconsolidated sandstones and study the effect of confining stress and pressure drawdown on sand production. The discrete element method (DEM) is used to simulate the particulate media, and the lattice-Boltzmann method (LBM) is adopted to model the fluid flow through it. The two methods are coupled, and the fluid-solid interaction is modeled using the immersed moving boundary (IMB) method. An in-house computer program is developed based on these methods to simulate the 2D sanding procedure under radial fluid flow and isotropic stress in the absence of particle cementation. The results show that the number of produced particles and the sanding rate increase with the increase of confining stress. Also, after the sand initiation, the sanding rate in all models decreases due to the formation of sand arches around the model’s inner cavity. These arches are prone to instability, and new larger arches replace them after their collapse. After examining the effect of fluid pressure difference on sand production, it is concluded that the pressure difference has little influence on sand production at relatively low-stress levels. However, at higher stress levels, the pressure difference has a considerable impact on sanding results as it increases the number of produced particles more than twice with a 50% increase in pressure difference. This study confirms that the 2D coupled DEM-LBM model can properly capture the mechanism of the sand production phenomenon.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Radial flow
  • Sand production
  • Discrete element method
  • Lattice-Boltzmann method
  • Sand arch
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