بررسی اثر ویژگی‌های فردی و پنداری بر تواتر تخلف سرعت غیرمجاز: مطالعه موردی شهروندان تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران

2 دانشکده مهندسی معماری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

سرعت غیرمجاز به عنوان پرتکرارترین تخلف رانندگی در شهر تهران، علت 21 درصد از تصادفات سه ‌ماهه اول سال 1398 استان تهران شناخته شده است. سرعت رانندگی تابع متغیرهای فردی رانندگان است که این مطلب برای شهر تهران تا کنون تنها به صورت محدود مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. این مطالعه قصد دارد با بررسی تواتر تخلف سرعت غیرمجاز با استفاده از ویژگی‌های فردی و پنداری مرتبط با رانندگان، رانندگان پر خطر را شناسایی نماید. در این راستا، اطلاعات 470 نفر از ساکنین شهر تهران در سال‌های 1397 و 1398 جمع‌آوری و مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است. مدل شمارش پر صفر دو جمله‌ای منفی با سطح اهمیت 1 درصد نشان می‌دهد که طول زمان فعالیت فیزیکی و ورزش در هفته (مثبت)، داشتن پندارهایی شامل کندرو بودن رانندگان دیگر (مثبت) و غیراخلاقی دانستن تخلف رانندگی (منفی) بر احتمال وقوع تخلف سرعت غیرمجاز اثرگذار بوده و به طور غیرمستقیم بر تواتر تخلف سرعت غیرمجاز اثر می‌گذارند. همچنین، متغیرهای تأخیر داشتن در بیشتر سفرهایی که فرد ملزم به رانندگی است (مثبت)، سابقه رانندگی کمتر از پنج سال (منفی) و داشتن بیمه بدنه خودرو (مثبت) به طور مستقیم بر تواتر تخلف سرعت غیرمجاز اثرگذار هستند. جهت بهبود وضعیت تخلفات در سطح شهر تهران پیشنهاد می‌شود با بازنگری در قوانین موجود، سخت‌گیری بیشتری برای متخلفین پرتکرار لحاظ شود و برخی از امتیازهای رایج برای آن‌ها؛ مانند بیمه بدنه، با محدودیت ادامه داشته باشد. همچنین، تشکیل ساختار آموزشی نظام‌مند در زمینه آگاه‌سازی همگانی نسبت به تخلفات به صورت دوره‌ای -به ویژه برای رانندگان با سابقه بیشتر از پنج سال- می‌تواند موثر واقع شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the influencing factors on the frequency of speeding violations: A case study of citizens of Tehran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Movahed 1
  • Ali Shafaat 2
  • Meeghat Habibian 1
1 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor at Shahid Beheshti University, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Design, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

As the most frequent driving violation, speeding has been the cause of 21% of accidents in the first three months of 1398 in Tehran. Speeding behavior has roots in drivers’ attributes and attitudes toward driving, which has not been studied enough for drivers in Tehran. This study examined the association between speeding violation frequency and drivers' attributes, including socioeconomic characteristics and attitudes toward driving. A Zero-inflated negative binomial regression model developed using a cohort of 470 adult drivers. Results show that the hours of physical activity and exercise per week, some perceptions such as "other drivers move slowly" and "Traffic violations are an immoral act" affect the occurrence and the frequency of speeding. Besides, having delays in most trips that the person is driving, driving experience of less than five years, and having vehicle body insurance directly affect the frequency of speeding. Based on the results, it can be concluded that reviewing the rules can be helpful in reducing speeding violations, for instance, adding some penalties in body insurance contracts for the number of speeding violations. Also, education courses for raising public awareness toward violations can be practical, especially for drivers with more experience and speeding violations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Driving violations
  • Speeding violation
  • Individual characteristics
  • Attitudes
  • Zero-inflated negative binomial regression model

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نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر
دوره 54، شماره 1
فروردین 1401
صفحه 113-124

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