اولویت‌بندی موانع پیاده‌سازی مدل‌سازی اطلاعات ساختمان در صنعت ساخت ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران .

چکیده

همزمان با گسترش کاربرد جهانی مدل‌سازی اطلاعات ساختمان (Building Information Modeling) در صنعت ساخت و آشکار شدن مزایای این رویکرد بر همگان، به‌کارگیری این شیوه نوین در بسیاری از کشورها از جمله ایران با موانع فراوانی رو ‌به ‌روست. بدین سبب، یکی از اقداماتی که در راستای افزایش پذیرش و پیاده‌سازی این رویکرد نوین در ایران ضروری تلقی می‌شود، بررسی موانع و چالش‌های پیشِ روی آن است. در این مقاله، ابتدا پیشینه تحقیق مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و موانع پیاده­سازی BIM شناسایی و دسته­بندی گردید. سپس با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه، میزان اهمیت موانع و چالش‌ها از دیدگاه متخصصان سنجیده شد. تحلیل اطلاعات گردآوری شده با کمک رتبه‌بندی کندال نشان داد که مهم‌ترین چالش‌ها و موانعی که پیش روی پذیرش و پیاده‌سازی BIM در صنعت ساخت ایران قرار دارند، به ترتیب عبارتند از: فقدان سیاست‌گذاری و نقشه راه در سازمان، عدم آگاهی و حمایت مدیریت ارشد از BIM، آماده نبودن صنعت ساخت، فقدان توجه به جنبه‌های مختلف BIM در قراردادهای کنونی و فقدان راهنماها و استانداردهای کاربردی. همچنین، متولیان رفع این موانع و چالش‌ها در چهار سطح تصمیم‌‌گیری (1) دولت، (2) انجمن‌ها و اصناف، (3) سازمان و (4) بین‌سازمانی شناسایی شدند. در پرسش‌نامه مذکور میزان مسئولیت هر یک از سطوح در مقابل رفع موانع نیز ارزیابی شد و با استفاده از روش تحلیل ریسک، اولویت­بندی موانع و چالش‌ها برای سطوح مختلف تصمیم‌گیری مشخص گردید. بر این اساس، موانع "پیاده‌سازی BIM نیازمند تغییر در رویه‌های قانونی است"، "فقدان راهنماها و استانداردهای کاربردی"، "عدم آگاهی و حمایت مدیریت ارشد" و "مشارکت ضعیف بین مشاور و پیمانکار" به ترتیب پر اهمیت‌ترین موانع در سطوح دولت، انجمن‌ها و اصناف، سازمان و بین‌سازمانی شناخته شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying and prioritizing the barriers to BIM implementation in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Niloofar Rohani
  • Seyed Yaser Banihashemi
Engineering and Construction Management, School of Civil Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
چکیده [English]

With the expansion of the global application of building information modeling (BIM) in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry and the benefits of this approach to everyone, the application of this new method in many countries, including Iran, is facing many obstacles. Therefore, one of the necessary actions to increase the adoption and implementation of this new approach in Iran is to study the obstacles and challenges facing it. In this paper, using a questionnaire, the importance of obstacles and challenges from the perspective of experts was assessed. Analysis of collected data with the help of Kendall ranking showed that the most important challenges and obstacles facing the adoption and implementation of BIM in the Iranian AEC industry are: Lack of policy and roadmap in the organization, lack of knowledge and support of senior management, lack of readiness of the manufacturing industry, lack of attention to various aspects of BIM in current contracts and lack of guidelines and application standards. Also, those in charge of overcoming these obstacles and challenges were identified at four levels of decision-making: (1) government, (2) professional institutions and associations, (3) organization, and (4) inter-organizational. In the mentioned questionnaire, the level of responsibility of each level in front of removing obstacles was also evaluated and using the risk analysis method, prioritization of obstacles and challenges for different levels of decision making was determined.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Building Information Modeling
  • BIM
  • BIM implementation
  • BIM barriers
  • Decision-making levels

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نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر
دوره 54، شماره 2
اردیبهشت 1401
صفحه 775-792

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