ارزیابی اثرات اجتماعی اعمال سیاست‌های مدیریت تقاضا بر سامانه‌های فاضلاب به روش ارزیابی اجتماعی چرخه حیات

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مهندسی عمران- مهندسی محیط‌زیست، پردیس دانشکده‌های فنی، دانشگاه تهران.

2 استاد دانشکده مهندسی عمران، پردیس دانشکده‌های فنی، دانشگاه تهران.

3 دانشجوی دکترا؛ دانشکده فنی- دانشکده عمران- دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

سیاست‌های مدیریت تقاضا به ‌عنوان راهکاری برای جبران مشکل کم ‌آبی مطرح هستند. این سیاست‌ها علاوه بر تأثیرگذاری بر کاهش مصرف آب، می‌توانند تبعات گسترده‌ای در زیرساخت‌های شهری، از جمله شبکه جمع‌آوری و تصفیه‌ خانه فاضلاب در بر داشته باشند. این در حالی است که تحقیقات عمدتاً به ارزیابی اثرات سیاست‌های مدیریت تقاضا بر سامانه‌های آبی متمرکز شده‌اند و لذا در بخش فاضلاب خلاء تحقیقاتی احساس می‌شود. با توجه به اهمیت موضوع، این تحقیق بر روی ارزیابی اثرات ناشی از سناریوهای متعدد سیاست‌های مدیریت تقاضا بر روی سامانه‌های فاضلاب، متمرکز شده است. این ارزیابی از دیدگاه اجتماعی به‌ عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین جنبه‌های مدیریت آب شهری به‌ کمک روش ارزیابی اجتماعی چرخه حیات (SLCA) در شهر بهارستان (استان اصفهان)، انجام شده است. در این راستا گروه‌های تأثیرپذیر از اثرات اجتماعی سیاست‌های مدیریت تقاضا بر سامانه‌های فاضلاب (گروداران)، شامل مصرف ‌کنندگان پساب و لجن، جامعه و جوامع محلی و نیروی انسانی شناسایی و شاخص‌هایی برای آن‌ها تعریف شد. سپس به کمک پرسش‌نامه، نظرات متخصصین و کارشناسان این حوزه جمع‌آوری شد و شاخص‌های تعریف شده با روش تحلیل سلسله‌ مراتبی نمره‌دهی شد. سپس با در نظر گرفتن شدت اثر هر شاخص در هر سناریو، امتیاز اجتماعی تمامی سناریوها به دست آمد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که جوامع محلی از بین سایر گروداران از نظر متخصصان وزن بیشتری دارد (0/45) و بین زیرگروه‌های آن نیز شرایط زندگی سالم و ایمن مهم‌تر از سایرین بوده است. هم‌چنین سناریویی که بیش‌ترین میزان مصرف آب و تولید فاضلاب را داشته، از لحاظ اجتماعی برتر از سایرین است (امتیاز 0/845 از 1).

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Social Impacts Assessment of Water Demand Management Policies on Wastewater System by Using SLCA Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Haniye Safarpour 1
  • Massoud Tabesh 2
  • Seyyed Ahmadreza Shahangian 3
1 M.Sc. student, School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor, Center of Excellence for Management and Engineering of Civil Infrastructure School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Ph.D. Candidate, School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

Urban water demand management policies (UWDMPs) are being proposed as a solution to deal with water scarcity. Applying any UWDMPs can lead to positive/ negative impacts on several aspects, including the urban infrastructure (e.g., water distribution networks or wastewater systems). Besides, studies on the effects of these policies on urban infrastructures have often focused on the water sector, and there is scant evidence in the wastewater section. Hence, in the current study, the impacts of the implementation of UWDMPs on sewage systems (consisting of the wastewater collection system and the wastewater treatment plant) from a social viewpoint have been evaluated during different scenarios of demand reduction. For this purpose, the Social Life Cycle Assessment (SLCA) method, as a subset of life cycle thinking, has been applied. In this regard, Baharestan city (located in Isfahan province) is selected. The groups (stakeholders) related to wastewater systems that are affected by the social impacts of UWDMPs have been identified and their characteristics have been determined. Stakeholders contain the social and local community, workers, and consumers (stakeholders that use wastewater or its other products for a specific activity). Then, by compiling a questionnaire and using the experts' opinions, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method has been used in order to evaluate scenarios. In this procedure, (1) indicators are scored by the survey from experts, (2) the intensity of the effects of indicators in each scenario is specified, and (3) the social score of all scenarios is obtained. The results showed that social and local community had the biggest weight among stakeholders (weight of 0.45), and safe and healthy living condition was the most important indicator for this stakeholder. Moreover, the scenario that had the least decline in water consumption and sewage production was socially better than the others.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water Demand Management
  • Life Cycle Thinking
  • Social Life Cycle Assessment
  • Analytic Hierarchy Process
  • Wastewater System

مراجع

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نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر
دوره 53، شماره 12
اسفند 1400
صفحه 5239-5258

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