بررسی غلظت فلزات سنگین شاخص در رواناب شهری (مطالعه موردی: حوضه شمال و شرق تهران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی

2 گروه فناوری های محیط زیست، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشگاه تهران، دانشکده محیط زیست

چکیده

رواناب‌های شهری به‌ عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین منابع انتشار فلزات سنگین به محیط‌های پذیرنده، مخاطرات بالقوه محیط زیستی و بهداشتی در پی دارند. هدف از انجام این پژوهش ارزیابی محتوای ده فلز سنگین در رواناب حوضه سرخه حصار تهران بود. برای این منظور نمونه‌برداری از رواناب خروجی حوضه سرخه حصار تهران طی سه رخداد سیلابی در سال‌های 98-1397 برداشته شده و غلظت  فلزات سنگین آرسنیک، آهن، سرب، روی، کادمیم، کروم، مس، منگنز، مولیبدن و نیکل به‌ وسیله دستگاه ICP-MS اندازه‌گیری گردید. عناصر آهن، منگنز، روی، سرب، مس، کروم، نیکل، آرسنیک، مولیبدن و کادمیم به‌ ترتیب بیش‌ترین فراوانی را در کل نمونه‌ها داشتند. نتایج آزمون همبستگی اسپیرمن مبنی بر همبستگی قوی (0/71 – 0/98) بین اغلب فلزات به ‌ویژه آهن، منگنز، روی، سرب، نیکل، کادمیم و مس، بیانگر منابع انتشار مشترک و رفتار ژنوشیمیایی مشابه این عناصر در رواناب بود. هم‌چنین میانگین مقادیر شاخص‌ آلودگی، شاخص ارزیابی شاخص ارزیابی فلزات سنگین و شاخص آلودگی فلزات سنگین به ‌ترتیب برابر با 24/7، 30/1 و 130/2 بود که نشان داد از نظر این شاخص‌ها بیش‌تر نمونه‌ها در سطح بسیار آلوده و آلوده قرار داشتند، که دلیل آن غلظت بالای سه عنصر آهن، منگنز و سرب در مقایسه با حد مجاز استاندارد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of major heavy metal concentration in urban runoff (case study: North and east catchment of Tehran city)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Ghadiri 1
  • Seyed Hossein Hashemi 2
  • Touraj Nasrabadi 3
1 Shahid Beheshti University
2 Department of Environmental Technology, Environmental Sciences Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
3 Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Urban runoff, as one of the most important emission sources of heavy metal to the environment, has potential environmental and health risks. This study aimed to evaluate the content of ten heavy metals in the runoff of the Sorkheh Hesar catchment, Tehran. For this purpose, Runoff samples were taken from the outlet of Sorkheh Hesar catchment during three flood events in 2018-19 and the total concentration of heavy metals was determined by ICP-MS. Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, As, Mo and Cd had the highest abundance in all samples, respectively. The results of Spearman's rank correlation coefficient showed a strong correlation (0.71-0.98) between most metals, especially Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cd and Cu, which indicating the same input sources and similar geochemical behavior. Also, the mean values of Contamination Index, Heavy Metal Evaluation Index and Heavy Metal Pollution Index were 24.7, 30.1 and 130.2, respectively, which indicated most of the samples were in contaminated and high contaminated levels due to high concentrations of three elements including Fe, Mn and Pb in compare to the standard permissible values.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Heavy metals
  • Urban runoff
  • Flood event
  • Pollution index
  • Tehran
  • Water pollution
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