تحلیلی بر ارتباط سنجه‌های قابلیت پیاده‌روی مسیر با پیاده‌روی کودکان به مدرسه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران

2 گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی، دانشگاه خوارزمی

3 دانشیار، دانشکده مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

چکیده

افزایش شیوه‌­های فعال در سفرهای تحصیلی از مهم­ترین راهبردهای بهبود سلامت کودکان است. اگرچه مسیر پیاده‌­روی و ویژگی­‌های آن نقش مهمی در افزایش پیاده‌­روی دارند، اما بیشتر تحقیقات گذشته بر ویژگی­‌های محیط در همسایگی محل زندگی متمرکز بوده است. به ­علاوه، اغلب تحقیقات، علاقه کودکان را در تحلیل­‌ها در نظر نگرفته‌­اند. هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی ارتباط ویژگی­‌های اجتماعی و اقتصادی خانوار، متغیرهای محیط ­مصنوع در مسیر خانه تا مدرسه، کمبود آزادی عمل، نگرانی والدین و علاقه کودکان، با انتخاب شیوه پیاده­‌روی در سفر به مدرسه است. داده‌­ها از طریق توزیع 340 پرسشنامه در بین کودکان 7 تا 12 ساله در 3 مدرسه ابتدایی در محله­‌ای در منطقه 15 شهر تهران و قابلیت پیاده­‌روی مسیر خانه تا مدرسه از طریق پیمایش میدانی تک تک مسیرهای خانه تا مدرسه بر اساس ابزار "عابران مقدم‌­ترند" جمع­‌آوری گردید. مدل رگرسیون لجستیک سلسله مراتبی نشان دهنده ارتباط منفی متغیر تعداد موتور سیکلت خانوار با پیاده‌­روی کودک به مدرسه بود. از میان متغیرهای محیط ­مصنوع، فاصله تا مدرسه رابطه منفی، و درصد کاربری­‌های غیرمسکونی و درصد پیاده‌­روهای مطلوب رابطه مثبت با پیاده‌­روی کودک به مدرسه داشت. نگرانی والدین نیز ارتباط منفی با پیاده­‌روی به مدرسه نشان داد. ارتباط معنی­داری میان علاقه کودک به پیاده­روی و پیاده­روی وی به مدرسه به­ دست نیامد. از کاربست­های مهم تحقیق می‌­توان به راهبردهایی به منظور طراحی برنامه پیاده‌­روی به مدرسه در سطح محله اشاره نمود. ضمن آن که نتایج مؤید ضرورت سیاست­‌گذاری‌­های چندگانه و بلند مدت و همچنین تغییرات محیط ­مصنوع از طریق جانمایی مدارس و همچنین توجه به تنوع کاربری‌ها در مطالعات و برنامه­‌ریزی‌­های شهری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Association between route walkability measures and children’s walking to school

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Barati 1
  • Mohsen Fallah Zavareh 2
  • Amir Reza Mamdoohi 3
1 Graduated Master of Science in Highway Engineering, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Transportation Planning, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environment, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Increasing active school trips is a strategy for children’s health. Although route features may associate with higher amounts of walking school trips, the majority of previous studies have focused on buffer-level characteristics of the built environment. Moreover, the role of children’s interests has not been widely examined in previous studies. The present study investigates the associations between the route-level features of the built environment, socio-economic, and cognitive characteristics on children’s walk to school. A total of 340 questionnaires were distributed among 7-12 year-old pupils across three primary schools in a neighbourhood in Tehran. For each route to school the environmental features were collected per Pedestrians First (PF) instrument, a tool for measuring walkability. Results reveal that number of motorcycles, and distance from home to school are negatively, and non-residential land use and proportion of favourable sidewalks are positively related to children’s walk to school. Parental worry about children’s walking to school is negatively associated with children’s walk to school. It is also found that children’s interest in walking is not significant. Results have important ramifications for planning the walk to school programs in the neighbourhood level. Furthermore, findings underscored the provision of multi-facet long-term policies such as land use changes and school location patterns across the neighbourhood, when preparing master and land use plans, to enhance walking school travels for health reasons.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Walkability
  • Built environment
  • School trips
  • Active transport
  • Students

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نشریه مهندسی عمران امیرکبیر
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