Experimental Investigation of Composite (Steel-Concrete) Walls under Pure Out-of-plane Load

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Professor / Civil Engineering Department / K.N Toosi University of Technology / Tehran , Iran

2 Civil Engineering Department, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

3 Analysis and Advanced Materials for Structural Design (AMADE), Polytechnic School, University of Girona

Abstract

This paper presents a new structural system for retaining walls. In civil works, in general, there is a trend to use the traditional reinforced concrete (RC) retaining walls to resist soil pressure. Despite their good resistance, RC retaining walls have some disadvantages such as the need for huge temporary formworks, high dense reinforcing, low construction speed, etc. In the present work, a composite wall with only one steel plate (steel-concrete) was proposed to cover the disadvantages of the RC walls. In this system, a steel plate was utilized not only as tensile reinforcement but also as permanent formwork for the concrete. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed SC composite system, an experimental program that included six specimens was performed. In this experimental campaign, effects of different parameters such as length of shear connectors, use of compressive steel plate, concrete ultimate strength, the distance between shear connectors, and compressive steel reinforcement were investigated. The results showed that with proper design, the composite walls have very good and ductile behavior under out-of-plane loads. Furthermore, it was observed that even with a large distance between the shear connectors, a short length of the shear connectors, etc., this system is capable to keep the flexural performance and shows semi-ductile behavior. Furthermore, the design equations based on the ACI code for calculating out-of-plate flexural and shear strength of SC composite walls were presented and compared to the experimental database.

Keywords

References

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Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering
Volume 53, Issue 7
October 2021
Pages 3129-3148

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