Statistical Performance of Semi-Active Controlled 10-Storey linear Building using MR Damper under Earthquake Motions

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran

2 Department of civil engineering, faculty of engineering, university of maragheh,maragheh.iran

Abstract

Due to the advantages of semi-active control methods over passive and active methods, the development and performance of these methods to control the structural response under dynamic lateral loads has been widely considered. Magneto-Rheological (MR) Dampers are among the widely developed devices for semi-active control of buildings. Various models are proposed to simulate MR Dampers’ dynamic behavior. The present paper summarizes the results obtained through studying a 10-story linear shear building exposed to 28 far and near-fault earthquakes in MATLAB. A MR Damper with Clipped Optimal Control Algorithm was considered to control the vibrations of the structure. In addition to the effect of actuator saturation, the actuator’s dynamics were also considered using the Modified Bouc-Wen model. Moreover, the positioning the damper at three different configurations of lower, middle and upper stories were investigated. A statistical study was carried out under different types of near and far-fault records. Results obtained through this study suggested the best performance, in terms of minimizing the roof displacements, while placing a MR damper at the first floor. Results show that the investigated control system has the best performance under near-fault records without pulse, with an average reduction of 21% in the structural response.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] G. Warburton, E. Ayorinde, Optimum absorber parameters for simple systems, Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 8(3) (1980) 197-217.
[2] M. Morales-Beltran, P. Teuffel, Towards smart building structures: adaptive structures in earthquake and wind loading control response–a review, Intelligent Buildings International, 5(2) (2013) 83-100.
[3] A. Yanik, U. Aldemir, A Short Review on the Active Control Approaches in Earthquake Engineering at the Last 10 Years (2008-2018), International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 11(2) (2019) 111-118.
[4] F. Casciati, J. Rodellar, U. Yildirim, Active and semi-active control of structures–theory and applications: A review of recent advances, Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 23(11) (2012) 1181-1195.
[5] J. Xu, X. Yang, W. Li, J. Zheng, Y. Wang, M. Fan, Research on semi-active vibration isolation system based on electromagnetic spring, Mechanics & Industry, 21(1) (2020).
[6] S.-G. Luca, F. Chira, V. Rosca, Passive, active and semi-active control systems in civil engineering, Constructil Arhitectura, 3 (2005).
[7] P.P. Phule, Magnetorheological (MR) fluids: principles and applications, Smart Materials Bulletin, 2001(2) (2001) 7-10.
[8] B. Spencer Jr, S. Dyke, M.K. Sain, Magnetorheological dampers: a new approach to seismic protection of structures, in:  Proceedings of 35th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, IEEE, (1996) 676-681.
[9] B. Spencer, J.D. Carlson, M. Sain, G. Yang, On the current status of magnetorheological dampers: seismic protection of full-scale structures, in:  Proceedings of the American Control Conference, IEEE, (1997) 458-462.
[10] S. Dyke, B. Spencer Jr, M. Sain, J. Carlson, Seismic response reduction using magnetorheological dampers, IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 29(1) (1996) 5530-5535.
[11] S. Dyke, B. Spencer Jr, M. Sain, J. Carlson, Experimental verification of semi-active structural control strategies using acceleration feedback, in:  Proc. of the 3rd Intl. Conf. on Motion and Vibr. Control, (1996) 291-296.
[12] S. Dyke, B. Spencer Jr, M. Sain, J. Carlson, Modeling and control of magnetorheological dampers for seismic response reduction, Smart materials and structures, 5(5) (1996).
[13] H.-J. Jung, I.W. Lee, B.F. Spencer Jr, State-of-the-art of MR damper-based control systems in civil engineering applications, in:  Proceedings of US-Korea Workshop on Smart Infra-Structural Systems, (2002) 23-24.
[14] B. Spencer Jr, S. Nagarajaiah, State of the art of structural control, Journal of structural engineering, 129(7) (2003) 845-856.
[15] M. Bitaraf, O.E. Ozbulut, S. Hurlebaus, L. Barroso, Application of semi-active control strategies for seismic protection of buildings with MR dampers, Engineering Structures, 32(10) (2010) 3040-3047.
[16] O.M. Elmeligy, M. Hassan, Optimum Allocation of MR Dampers within Semi-Active Control Strategies of Three-Degree-of-Freedom Systems, International Journal of Recent Contributions from Engineering, Science & IT (IJES), 4(4) (2016) 45-49.
[17] V. Bhaiya, S. Bharti, M. Shrimali, T. Datta, Performance of Semi-actively Controlled Building Frame Using MR Damper for Near-Field Earthquakes, in:  Recent Advances in Structural Engineering, (2)(2019) 397-407.
[18] G.J. Hiemenz, Y.T. Choi, N.M. Wereley, Seismic control of civil structures utilizing semi–active MR braces, Computer‐Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, 18(1) (2003) 31-44.
[19] X.B. Nguyen, T. Komatsuzaki, Y. Iwata, H. Asanuma, Robust adaptive controller for semi-active control of uncertain structures using a magnetorheological elastomer-based isolator, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 434 (2018) 192-212.
[20] H. Benioff, Mechanism and strain characteristics of the White Wolf fault as indicated by the aftershock sequence, Bull., Calif. Div. Mines, 171 (1955) 199-202.
[21] S. Bhagat, A.C. Wijeyewickrema, N. Subedi, Influence of Near-Fault Ground Motions with Fling-Step and Forward-Directivity Characteristics on Seismic Response of Base-Isolated Buildings, Journal of Earthquake Engineering,  (2018) 1-20.
[22] M. Mastali, A. Kheyroddin, B. Samali, R. Vahdani, Optimal placement of active braces by using PSO algorithm in near-and far-field earthquakes, International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering (IJASE), 8(1) (2016) 29-44.
[23] E. Kalkan, S.K. Kunnath, Effects of fling step and forward directivity on seismic response of buildings, Earthquake spectra, 22(2) (2006) 367-390.
[24] H. Ghaffarzadeh, E.A. Dehrod, N. Talebian, Semi-active fuzzy control for seismic response reduction of building frames using variable orifice dampers subjected to near-fault earthquakes, Journal of Vibration and Control, 19(13) (2013) 1980-1998.
[25] A. Bathaei, S.M. Zahrai, M. Ramezani, Semi-active seismic control of an 11-DOF building model with TMD+ MR damper using type-1 and-2 fuzzy algorithms, Journal of Vibration and Control, 24(13) (2018) 2938-2953.
[26] A. Bathaei, M. Ramezani, A.K. Ghorbani-Tanha, Type-1 and Type-2 fuzzy logic control algorithms for semi-active seismic vibration control of the college urban bridge using MR dampers, Civil Engineering Infrastructures Journal, 50(2) (2017) 333-351.
[27] M. Bozorgvar, S.M. Zahrai, Semi-active seismic control of buildings using MR damper and adaptive neural-fuzzy intelligent controller optimized with genetic algorithm, Journal of Vibration and Control, 25(2) (2019) 273-285.
[28] A. Yanik, Seismic control performance indices for magneto-rheological dampers considering simple soil-structure interaction, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 129 (2020).
[29] D. Hrovat, D. Margolis, M. Hubbard, An approach toward the optimal semi-active suspension, Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, 110(3) (1988) 288-296.
[30] T. Butsuen, The design of semi-active suspensions for automotive vehicles, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, (1989).
[31] S. Dyke, B. Spencer Jr, A comparison of semi-active control strategies for the MR damper, in:  Proceedings Intelligent Information Systems. IIS'97, IEEE, (1997) 580-584.
[32] L.M. Jansen, S.J. Dyke, Semiactive control strategies for MR dampers: comparative study, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 126(8) (2000) 795-803.
[33] G. Yang, B. Spencer Jr, J. Carlson, M. Sain, Large-scale MR fluid dampers: modeling and dynamic performance considerations, Engineering structures, 24(3) (2002) 309-323.
[34] R. Stanway, J. Sproston, N. Stevens, Non-linear identification of an electro-rheological vibration damper, IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 18(5) (1985) 195-200.
[35] D. Gamota, F. Filisko, Dynamic mechanical studies of electrorheological materials: moderate frequencies, Journal of rheology, 35(3) (1991) 399-425.
[36] B. Spencer Jr, S. Dyke, M. Sain, J. Carlson, Phenomenological model for magnetorheological dampers, Journal of engineering mechanics, 123(3) (1997) 230-238.
[37] G.C. Foliente, Hysteresis modeling of wood joints and structural systems, Journal of Structural Engineering, 121(6) (1995) 1013-1022.
[38] F. Ikhouane, J. Rodellar, Systems with hysteresis: analysis, identification and control using the Bouc-Wen model, John Wiley & Sons, (2007).
[39] S. Dyke, B. Spencer Jr, Seismic response control using multiple MR dampers, in:  Proceedings of the 2nd international workshop on structural control, (1996) 163-173.
[40] S.J. Dyke, Acceleration feedback control strategies for active and semi-active control systems: Modeling, algorithm development, and experimental verification,  (1997).
[41] A. Kaveh, S. Mohammadi, O.K. Hosseini, A. Keyhani, V. Kalatjari, Optimum parameters of tuned mass dampers for seismic applications using charged system search, Iranian Journal of Science and Technology. Transactions of Civil Engineering, 39(C1) (2015).
[42] C.-W. Lim, Active vibration control of the linear structure with an active mass damper applying robust saturation controller, Mechatronics, 18(8) (2008) 391-399.
[43] A.H. Heidari, S. Etedali, M.R. Javaheri-Tafti, A hybrid LQR-PID control design for seismic control of buildings equipped with ATMD, Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering, 12(1) (2018) 44-57.
[44] American Society of Civil Engineers, ASCE 7-10 (Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures), Reston, Virginia, (2010).
[45] R. Zemp, J.C. de la Llera, H. Saldias, F. Weber, Development of a long-stroke MR damper for a building with tuned masses, Smart Materials and Structures, 25(10) (2016).
Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering
Volume 53, Issue 4
July 2021
Pages 1571-1590

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics