Dimension reduction of the remote sensing data to estimate soil organic carbon

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Department of Geodesy and Surveying Engineering, Tafresh University, Tafresh, Iran

Abstract

Soil is a very complex phenomenon that includes organic materials, minerals, water, and air. The distribution of organic matter in the soil has a profound effect on biological activity, nutrient availability, soil and soil seed structure, and water holding capacity, and soil management in general. In this research, the relation between soil spectral reflectance using the Landsat 8 satellite data as well as the SRTM Elevation data and soil organic carbon has been investigated. In the proposed method, spectral reflection of data in the main bands of the Landsat 8 satellite is investigated and processed. In addition to the main bands, vegetation and lighting indices, and topographic features have been studied. In this study, a method for selecting effective indexes in increasing the accuracy of soil organic carbon modeling is presented. For this purpose, in the first step of modeling, Linear regression, Support Vector Machine regression, and Neural Network methods have been used for the connection between remote sensing data and soil organic carbon. To implement the proposed method, 100 soil samples in East Azerbaijan province have been used. According to RMSE and R2 statistical indices, which are the basis for evaluating the models, the neural network model was selected as the final model, and with the values of RMSE = 0.404, R2= 0.254, and RRMSE=46.597 is more accurate than the regression method. Due to the importance of dimensionality to increase accuracy and reduce the complexity of calculations, a genetic algorithm was proposed in this study. This efficient algorithm increases the accuracy of soil organic carbon modeling and eliminates additional indicators. After applying the genetic algorithm (GA) to the neural network model, we were able to achieve better accuracy, and the values of the baseline statistical indices were changed to RMSE = 0.279, R2 = 0.718, and RRMSE=27.116. Also, to check the efficiency of the genetic algorithm, the PCA algorithm was also implemented on the data and the comparison results showed that the genetic algorithm was successful in reducing dimensions along with increasing accuracy.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering
Volume 56, Issue 5
2024
Pages 589-606

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