Study of the effect of various scenarios of the sediment control on banks in the vicinity of lateral intake entrance

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Assistant professor of Hydraulic Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Qom University ‎of Technology, Qom, Iran ‎

2 Civil Department, Engineering Faculty, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran

Abstract

One of the main goals in diverting water flowing in rivers is to provide the required water (for different purposes) with a minimum of sediments, which is usually met through the installation of sediment control structures with different arrangements to significantly decrease the sediment that enters the intake. In addition to sediment control, serious attention should also be paid to the impact of these structures and sediment control scenarios on the riverbank and other relevant facilities located in the vicinity of the intake entrance. Using a laboratory scale canal, equipped with recirculating sediment and included a 90◦ lateral intake and a bed moving because of dunes movement, the effects of these structures including sill, spur dike, and submerged vanes on the banks in the vicinity of intake entrance experimentally investigated at four different sediment control scenarios and different discharge ratio. In order to accurately evaluate the scour near the banks, after dynamic equilibrium was achieved at the bed due to continuous changes of its elevation in these conditions, scour time series analysis was performed at upstream and downstream points near the intake, along the banks on either side of the main canal. The results show that different behaviors are observed near the intake due to various factors influencing the flow. While in the range of discharge ratios studied, the spur dike increases the depth and length of scour zone at the intake downstream by an average of about 72% and 34%, respectively, the submerged vanes reduce the length of scour zone by 37% and at the discharge ratio of 0.12, an increase of about 66% in the depth of scour zone is observed, while at the discharge ratio of 0.18, a decrease of about 24% in the depth of scour zone occurs.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] V. Neary, F. Sotiropoulos, A. Odgaard, Three-dimensional numerical model of lateral-intake inflows, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 125(2) (1999) 126-140.
[2] V.S. Neary, A.J. Odgaard, Three-dimensional flow structure at open-channel diversions, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 119(11) (1993) 1223-1230.
[3] A. Ramamurthy, J. Qu, D. Vo, Numerical and experimental study of dividing open-channel flows, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 133(10) (2007) 1135-1144.
[4] S. Seyedian, M. Shafai Bejestan, M. Farasati, Investigation of Flow Pattern Change at Lateral Intake due to Inclination of Channel Bank, Irrigation Sciences and Engineering, 36(2) (2014 ) 1-12 (in Persian).
[5] M. Moghadam, T. Sabzevari, M. Hadad, Effect of mouth shape on the energy and momentum coefficients and flow separation dimensions, Journal of Water and Soil, 31(5) (2017 ) 1278-1289 (In Persian).
[6] A. Keshavarzi, M.K. Moghadam, J.E. Ball, Optimising round-edged entrance of 55° river water intake, in:  Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Water Management, Thomas Telford Ltd, 2012, pp. 9-19.
[7] M. Karami Moghadam, S. Seyedian, Numerical Simulation of Flow Diversion from an Intake at a Main Channel with Vertical and Inclined Bank Using Fluent, Water and Soil Science, 26(2-1) (2016 ) 1-12 (In Persian).
[8] H. Azimi, S. Shabanlou, S. Kardar, Flow field within rectangular lateral intakes in the subcritical flow regimes, Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 5(2) (2019) 421-430.
[9] A. Abbasi, Experimental investigation on sediment control at lateral intakes in straight channels, Ph. D. Thesis on civil engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, 2003(in persian).
[10] F. Hassanpour, Investigation of the operation of lateral intakes with submerged vanes and sill, Ph. D. Thesis Tarbiat Modares University., 2006(In Persian).
[11] T. Nakato, F.L. Ogden, Sediment control at water intakes along sand-bed rivers, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 124(6) (1998) 589-596.
[12] A. Raudkivi, Sedimentation–exclusion and removal of sediment from diverted water. IAHR Hydraulic Structures Design Manual 6, AA Balkema, Rotterdam,  (1993).
[13] E. Razvan, River intakes and diversion dams, Developments in civil engineering, 25 (1989).
[14] J. Wittaker, A solution for sediment control at intakes, channel and channel control process, in, Springer Publication, Berlin/West, Edited by Smith, KVH, 1984.
[15] H. Allahyonesi, M.H. Omid, A.H. Haghiabi, A study of the effects of the longitudinal arrangement sediment behavior near intake structures, Journal of Hydraulic Research, 46(6) (2008) 814-819.
[16] B.D. Barkdoll, R. Ettema, A.J. Odgaard, Sediment control at lateral diversions: Limits and enhancements to vane use, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 125(8) (1999) 862-870.
[17] J. Ho, A. Johnson, S. White, 3-D Numerical Simulation Study of Permanent Sediment Control Submerged Vanes, in, National Science Foundation, Research Education for Under graduation, 2004.
[18] A. Keshavarzi, A. Shamsaddini-Nejad, Plain secondary current at water intakes and its effect on sedimentation process, in:  CSCE/EWRI of ASCE Environmental Engineering ‎Conference‎, Niagara Falls 21–24 July.‎, 2002.
[19] M.K. Moghadam, A.R. Keshavarzi, An optimised water intake with the presence of submerged vanes in irrigation canals, Irrigation and drainage, 59(4) (2010) 432-441.
[20] T. Nakato, J.F. Kennedy, D. Bauerly, Pump-station intake-shoaling control with submerged vanes, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 116(1) (1990) 119-128.
[21] H. Ouyang, Design optimization of submerged vane system for sediment control, Ph.D. thesis, University of Iowa, 2001.
[22] A.B. Türkben, Experimental Study of Submerged Vanes in Intakes under Sediment Feeding Conditions, in:  E3S Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, 2018, pp. 03016.
[23] Y. Wang, A.J. Odgaard, B.W. Melville, S.C. Jain, Sediment control at water intakes, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 122(6) (1996) 353-356.
[24] T. Sruthi, K. Ranjith, V. Chandra, Control of sediment entry into an intake canal by using submerged vanes, in:  AIP Conference Proceedings, AIP Publishing LLC, 2017, pp. 030007.
[25] M. Karami Moghadam, A. Amini, A. Keshavarzi, Intake design attributes and submerged vanes effects on sedimentation and shear stress, Water and Environment Journal, 34(3) (2020) 374-380.
[26] S.T. Kalathil, A. Wuppukondur, R.K. Balakrishnan, V. Chandra, Control of sediment inflow into a trapezoidal intake canal using submerged vanes, Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering, 144(6) (2018) 04018020.
[27] U.P. Gupta, N. Sharma, C. Ojha, Performance evaluation of tapered vane, Journal of Hydraulic Research, 45(4) (2007) 472-477.
[28] L. Davoodi, M. Bajestan, Control of sediment entry to intake on a trapezoidal channel by submerged vane, Ecology, Environment and Conservation, 18(1) (2012) 165-169.
[29] H.-T. Ouyang, Investigation on the dimensions and shape of a submerged vane for sediment management in alluvial channels, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 135(3) (2009) 209-217.
[30] H. Ouyang, C. Lu, Optimizing the spacing of submerged vanes across rivers for stream bank protection at channel bends, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 142(12) (2016) 04016062.
[31] M.A. Boniforti, R. Guercio, R. Magini, Effects of submerged sheet pile vanes on mobile river beds, Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A, 16(3) (2015) 182-193.
[32] M. Zamani, H. Rabiefar, M. Rostami, Experimental evaluation of spur dikes placement position effect on the hydraulic and erosion conditions of intakes, Water Supply, 20(3) (2020) 900-908.
[33] M. Sajedi Sabegh, H. M‎, Experimental consideration of the effect of using ‎submerged vanes and spur dike on increase of the ‎intake efficiency‎, in:  Fourth Iranian Hydraulic Conference‎, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran‎, 2002 (in Persian).
[34] C.R. Neill, B.J. Evans, A.J. Odgaard, Y. Wang, Discussion and closure: Sediment control at water intakes, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 123(7) (1997) 670-671.
[35] M.M. Ahmadi, Experimental Study on the Effect of Groin on The ‎Efficiency of Lateral Intake, M.Sc. Thesis, ‎Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran, 2002 (in Persian).
[36] A. Moradinejad, A.H. Haghiabi, M. Saneie, H. Yonesi, Investigating the effect of a skimming wall on controlling the sediment entrance at lateral intakes, Water Science and Technology: Water Supply, 17(4) (2017) 1121-1132.
[37] T. Zenebe, Y. Mohamed, A. Haile, Mitigation of Sedimentation at the Diverstion Intake of Fota Spate Irrigation: Case Study of the Gash Spate Irrigation Scheme, Sudan, Irrig. Drain. Syst. Eng, 4(2) (2015) 1000138.
[38] A. Moradinejad, M. Saneie, A. Ghaderi, S.M.Z. Shahri, Experimental study of flow pattern and sediment behavior near the intake structures using the spur dike and skimming wall, Applied Water Science, 9(8) (2019) 1-11.
[39] S. Gohari, Experimental study on flow pattern and sediment control in lateral intake with application of submerged vane and spur dike, Ph. D. thesis, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Tarbiat Modares  University, 2009 (in Persian).
[40] A. Attarzadeh, M. Ghodsian, S.A. Ayyoubzadeh, S.A.A. Salehi Neyshabouri, Experimental comparison of different methods with regard to sediment control and scour at the 90 degree water intakes, Modares Civil Engineering journal, 19(4) (2019) 121-133(in Persian).
[41] F. Michell, R. Ettema, M. Muste, Case study: Sediment control at water intake for large thermal-power station on a small river, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 132(5) (2006) 440-449.
[42] A.J. Odgaard, River channel stabilization with submerged vanes, in:  Advances in water resources engineering, Springer, 2015, pp. 107-136.
[43] L.C. Van Rijn, Principles of sediment transport in rivers, estuaries and coastal seas, Aqua publications Amsterdam, 1993.
[44] B.D. Barkdoll, Sediment control at lateral diversions, PhD thesis, University of Iowa, 1997.
[45] H. Karami, S. Farzin, M.T. Sadrabadi, H. Moazeni, Simulation of flow pattern at rectangular lateral intake with different dike and submerged vane scenarios, Water Science and Engineering, 10(3) (2017) 246-255.
Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering
Volume 54, Issue 11
February 2023
Pages 4055-4076

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics