Experimental and numerical investigation of the effect of steel fiber on fiber reinforced concrete under multiaxial compression

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Department of Structural Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

Concrete is one of the most widely used building materials in the world and the use of fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) in structures to increase its tensile strength and improve its behavior has been extensively developed in recent decades. It is necessary to determine the constitutive equations of FRCs when the numerical investigation of their behavior is running. These equations should be including relations to handle the effect of steel fibers on the behavior of FRC. In this study, the behavior of FRCs with a different percent of steel fiber under triaxial compression, with different values of confining pressure, is experimentally and numerically investigated. Hoek cell is used in triaxial tests. In the numerical simulation, five-parametric constitutive equations with Willam-Warnke (W-W) failure criterion, isotropic hardening/softening function and non-associated plasticity were used and substepping integration method was carried out for integration of constitutive equations. For applying the effect of steel fibers on the failure surface, Kt coefficient was determined from the results of biaxial experimental tests on SFRCs. The constitutive equations are implemented with UMAT subroutine in ABAQUS and specimens are simulated in ABAQUS. By the comparison of the experimental (maximum strength) results and the numerical (stress-strain curve) results, an acceptable agreement was seen between them. Finally, based on the consistency between experimental and numerical results, it was concluded that the numerical model could be used, with enough confidence, to predict the behavior of SFRCs specimens.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] M. Gul, A. Bashir, J.A. Naqash, Study of modulus of elasticity of steel fiber reinforced concrete, International Journal of Engineering Advanced Technology, 3(4) (2014) 304-309.
[2] P.N. Balaguru, S.P. Shah, Fiber-reinforced cement composites, McGraw-Hill, the University of Michigan, 1992.
[3] S.J. Pantazopoulou, M. Zanganeh, Triaxial tests of fiber-reinforced concrete, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 13(5) (2001) 340-348.
[4] B. Chun, D.-Y. Yoo, Hybrid effect of macro and micro steel fibers on the pullout and tensile behaviors of ultra-high-performance concrete, Composites Part B: Engineering, 162 (2019) 344-360.
[5] J. Han, M. Zhao, J. Chen, X. Lan, Effects of steel fiber length and coarse aggregate maximum size on mechanical properties of steel fiber reinforced concrete, Construction and Building Materials, 209 (2019) 577-591.
[6] A. Amin, S.J. Foster, R.I. Gilbert, W. Kaufmann, Material characterisation of macro synthetic fibre reinforced concrete, Cement and Concrete Composites, 84 (2017) 124-133.
[7] Y. Zhang, K. Zhao, Y. Li, J. Gu, Z. Ye, J. Ma, Study on the local damage of SFRC with different fraction under contact blast loading, Computers and Concrete, 22(1) (2018) 63-70.
[8] F. Ansari, Q. Li, High-strength concrete subjected to triaxial compression, ACI Materials Journal, 95(6) (1998) 747-755.
[9] X. Lu, C.-T.T. Hsu, Behavior of high strength concrete with and without steel fiber reinforcement in triaxial compression, Cement and Concrete Research, 36(9) (2006) 1679-1685.
[10] Y. Ren, Z. Yu, Q. Huang, Z. Ren, Constitutive model and failure criterions for lightweight aggregate concrete: A true triaxial experimental test, Construction and Building Materials, 171 (2018) 759-769.
[11] J.-C. Chern, H.-J. Yang, H.-W. Chen, Behavior of steel fiber reinforced concrete in multiaxial loading, ACI Materials Journal, 89(1) (1993) 32-40.
[12] Y. Farnam, M. Moosavi, M. Shekarchi, S.K. Babanajad, A. Bagherzadeh, Behaviour of Slurry Infiltrated Fibre Concrete (SIFCON) under triaxial compression, Cement and Concrete Research, 40(11) (2010) 1571-1581.
[13] J.-f. Jiang, P.-c. Xiao, B.-b. Li, True-triaxial compressive behaviour of concrete under passive confinement, Construction and Building Materials, 156 (2017) 584-598.
[14] A. Blanco, P. Pujadas, S. Cavalaro, A. de la Fuente, A. Aguado, Constitutive model for fibre reinforced concrete based on the Barcelona test, Cement and Concrete Composites, 53 (2014) 327-340.
[15] W.F. Chen, Plasticity in Reinforced Concrete, J. Ross Pub., 2007
[16] P. Grassl, K. Lundgren, K. Gylltoft, Concrete in compression: a plasticity theory with a novel hardening law, International Journal of Solids and Structures, 39(20) (2002) 5205-5223.
[17] G.B. Golpasand, M. Farzam, S.S. Shishvan, FEM investigation of SFRCs using a substepping integration of constitutive equations, Computers and Concrete, 25(2) (2020) 181.
[18] H. Othman, H. Marzouk, Applicability of damage plasticity constitutive model for ultra-high performance fibre-reinforced concrete under impact loads, International Journal of Impact Engineering, 114 (2018) 20-31.
[19] Z.P. Bažant, F.C. Caner, I. Carol, M.D. Adley, S.A. Akers, Microplane model M4 for concrete. I: Formulation with work-conjugate deviatoric stress, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 126(9) (2000) 944-953.
[20] I.C. Mihai, A.D. Jefferson, P. Lyons, A plastic-damage constitutive model for the finite element analysis of fibre reinforced concrete, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 159 (2016) 35-62.
[21] X. Liang, C. Wu, Meso-scale modelling of steel fibre reinforced concrete with high strength, Construction and Building Materials, 165 (2018) 187-198.
[22] K.J. William, E.P. Warnke, Constitutive Model for the Triaxial Behavior of Concrete, INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR BRIDGE AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING PROCEEDINGS, 19 (1975) 1-30.
[23] Y. Chi, L. Xu, H.-s. Yu, Constitutive modeling of steel-polypropylene hybrid fiber reinforced concrete using a non-associated plasticity and its numerical implementation, Composite Structures, 111 (2014) 497-509.
[24] L.A.G. Bitencourt, O.L. Manzoli, T.N. Bittencourt, F.J. Vecchio, Numerical modeling of steel fiber reinforced concrete with a discrete and explicit representation of steel fibers, International Journal of Solids and Structures, 159 (2019) 171-190.
[25] E.A. Rodrigues, O.L. Manzoli, L.A.G. Bitencourt, T.N. Bittencourt, M. Sánchez, An adaptive concurrent multiscale model for concrete based on coupling finite elements, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 328 (2018) 26-46.
[26] S.W. Sloan, Substepping schemes for the numerical integration of elastoplastic stress–strain relations, 24(5) (1987) 893-911.
[27] Z. Guo, The strength and deformation of concrete—Experimental results and constitutive relationship, Tsinghua university press, Beijing, 1997.
[28] S. Lan, Z. Guo, Experimental investigation of multiaxial compressive strength of concrete under different stress paths, ACI Materials Journal, 94(5) (1997) 427-434.
[29] S.W. Sloan, A.J. Abbo, D. Sheng, Refined explicit integration of elastoplastic models with automatic error control, Engineering Computations, 18(1/2) (2001) 121-194.
[30] H. Kupfer, H.K. Hilsdorf, H. Rusch, Behavior of concrete under biaxial stresses, ACI Journal Proceedings, 66(8) (1969) 656-666.
[31] S. Swaddiwudhipong, P.E.C. Seow, Modelling of steel fiber-reinforced concrete under multi-axial loads, Cement and Concrete Research, 36(7) (2006) 1354-1361.
[32] G. Zhao, M. di Prisco, L. Vandewalle, Experimental investigation on uniaxial tensile creep behavior of cracked steel fiber reinforced concrete, Materials and Structures, 48(10) (2015) 3173-3185
[33] D. Candappa, J. Sanjayan, S. Setunge, Complete triaxial stress-strain curves of high-strength concrete, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 13(3) (2001) 209-215.
[34] J.B. Mander, M.J. Priestley, R. Park, Theoretical stress-strain model for confined concrete, Journal of structural engineering, 114(8) (1988) 1804-1826.
[35] ASTM-C801, Standard Test Method for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Hardened Concrete Under Triaxial Loads, in, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1998.
[36] Y. Chi, L. Xu, H.-S. Yu, Plasticity model for hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete under true triaxial compression, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 140(2) (2013) 393-405.
[37] K. Murugappan, P. Paramasivam, K. Tan, Failure envelope for steel-fiber concrete under biaxial compression, Journal of materials in civil engineering, 5(4) (1993) 436-446.
[38] W.S. Yin, E.C.M. Su, M.A. Mansur, T.T.C. Hsu, Fiber-reinforced concrete under biaxial compression, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 35(1) (1990) 261-268.
[39] L.A. Traina, S.A. Mansour, Biaxial strength and deformational behavior of plain and steel fiber concrete, ACI Materials Journal, 88(4) (1991).
[40] J. Bao, L. Wang, Q. Zhang, Y. Liang, P. Jiang, Y. Song, Combined effects of steel fiber and strain rate on the biaxial compressive behavior of concrete, Construction and Building Materials, 187 (2018) 394-405.
[41] Y. Chi, L. Xu, Y. Zhang, Experimental study on hybrid fiber–reinforced concrete subjected to uniaxial compression, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 26(2) (2012) 211-218.
[42] W.F. Chen, D.J. Han, Plasticity for Structural Engineers, Springer New York, 2012.
[43] Y. Chi, M. Yu, L. Huang, L. Xu, Finite element modeling of steel-polypropylene hybrid fiber reinforced concrete using modified concrete damaged plasticity, Engineering Structures, 148 (2017) 23-35.
[44] M. Dowell, P. Jarratt, The “Pegasus” method for computing the root of an equation, BIT Numerical Mathematics, 12(4) (1972) 503-508.
Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering
Volume 53, Issue 6
September 2021
Pages 2657-2678

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics