Sulfate Removal from Water Using Activated Red Mud: Kinetic, Isotherm and Thermodynamic Studies

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Tarbiat Modares University, Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In this study, the absorption of sulfates on activated aluminum industry waste (red mud) has been investigated in a batch system by the OFAT method. The properties of the absorbent were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), BET surface area, X-ray diffraction (XRD), XRF. The process of sulfate absorption was done in a volume of 200 mL and a mixer speed of 150 rpm. The optimum absorption conditions were derived in an equilibrium time of 90 minutes, initial concentration of 100 ppm, pH=4, the temperature of 65 ◦C, and 7.5 g/L doses of the absorbent. The efficiency of sulfate removal was 73.1 percent at the optimum conditions. Thermodynamic analysis of absorption showed that the absorption process at all analyzed temperatures had occurred spontaneously. Sulfate absorption kinetics on composite surfaces followed a pseudo second-order equation and absorption isotherm had high conformity with Langmuir isotherm (r=0.994) and the maximum absorption capacity of it according to Langmuir isotherm is 13.07 mg of sulfate per gram of the absorbent.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] PubChem, Sulfate, National Center for Biotechnology Information, in, PubChem Compound Database, 2017.
[2] P. Wexler, & Abdollahi, M, Encyclopedia of toxicology, in, Amsterdam: Academic Press/Elsevier, london, 2014, pp. 413-415.
[3] E. Iakovleva, E. Mäkilä, J. Salonen, M. Sitarz, M. Sillanpää, Industrial products and wastes as adsorbents for sulphate and chloride removal from synthetic alkaline solution and mine process water, Chemical engineering journal, 259 (2015) 364-371.
[4] V. Ramachandran, Removal, control and management of total dissolved solids from process effluent streams in the non-ferrous metallurgical industry-A review, in:  CQ Jia, V. Ramachandran et al. Proceedings of Water, Air and Land: Sustainability Issues in Mineral and Metal Extraction (WALSIM II) Symposium, 51st Annual Conference of Metallurgists, Niagara Falls, Canada, 2012, pp. 101-117.
[5] B. Van der Bruggen, A. Koninckx, C. Vandecasteele, Separation of monovalent and divalent ions from aqueous solution by electrodialysis and nanofiltration, Water research, 38(5) (2004) 1347-1353.
[6] I. Ňancucheo, D.B. Johnson, Removal of sulfate from extremely acidic mine waters using low pH sulfidogenic bioreactors, Hydrometallurgy, 150 (2014) 222-226.
[7] O. Agboola, T. Mokrani, E.R. Sadiku, A. Kolesnikov, O.I. Olukunle, J.P. Maree, Characterization of Two Nanofiltration Membranes for the Separation of Ions from Acid Mine Water, Mine Water and the Environment, 36(3) (2017) 401-408.
[8] L. Zheng, X. Wang, X. Wang, Reuse of reverse osmosis concentrate in textile and dyeing industry by combined process of persulfate oxidation and lime-soda softening, Journal of Cleaner Production, 108 (2015) 525-533.
[9] Y.W. Yuan, Xiaojun & Rao, L & Cui, J, Advance treatment and reuse of dyeing reverse osmosis brine, Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 9 (2015) 781-786.
[10] A. Bhatnagar, M. Sillanpää, A. Witek-Krowiak, Agricultural waste peels as versatile biomass for water purification–a review, Chemical Engineering Journal, 270 (2015) 244-271.
[11] P.-l. Sang, Y.-y. Wang, L.-y. Zhang, L.-y. Chai, H.-y. Wang, Effective adsorption of sulfate ions with poly (m-phenylenediamine) in aqueous solution and its adsorption mechanism, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 23(1) (2013) 243-252.
[12] I. Anastopoulos, M. Karamesouti, A.C. Mitropoulos, G.Z. Kyzas, A review for coffee adsorbents, Journal of Molecular Liquids, 229 (2017) 555-565.
[13] E. Worch, Adsorption technology in water treatment: fundamentals, processes, and modeling, Walter de Gruyter, 2012.
[14] M. Roosta, M. Ghaedi, A. Daneshfar, R. Sahraei, A. Asghari, Optimization of the ultrasonic assisted removal of methylene blue by gold nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon using experimental design methodology, Ultrasonics sonochemistry, 21(1) (2014) 242-252.
[15] A. Bhatnagar, M. Sillanpää, Utilization of agro-industrial and municipal waste materials as potential adsorbents for water treatment—a review, Chemical engineering journal, 157(2-3) (2010) 277-296.
[16] S. Mor, K. Chhoden, K. Ravindra, Application of agro-waste rice husk ash for the removal of phosphate from the wastewater, Journal of cleaner production, 129 (2016) 673-680.
[17] W. Cao, Z. Dang, X.-Q. Zhou, X.-Y. Yi, P.-X. Wu, N.-W. Zhu, G.-N. Lu, Removal of sulphate from aqueous solution using modified rice straw: Preparation, characterization and adsorption performance, Carbohydrate polymers, 85(3) (2011) 571-577.
[18] V. Tangde, S. Prajapati, B. Mandal, N. Kulkarni, Study of Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Removal of Phosphate from Aqueous Solution using Activated Red Mud, International Journal of Environmental Research, 11(1) (2017) 39-47.
[19] د. بلارک, ف.ک. مصطفی پور, ع. جغتایی, کاربرد گل قرمز فعال شده برای جذب رنگزای اسید قرمز 88 از محلولهای آبی: مطالعات ایزوترمی ، سینتیکی و ترمودینامیکی, شیمى کاربردى, 11(38) (2016) 123-138.
[20] M.A. Zazouli, D.B. , Y.M. , M.B. , M.E. , Adsorption of Bisphenol from Industrial Wastewater by Modified Red Mud, Journal of Health and Development, 2(1) (2013) 1-0.
[21] O. Kazak, Y.R. Eker, I. Akin, H. Bingol, A. Tor, Green preparation of a novel red mud@ carbon composite and its application for adsorption of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid from aqueous solution, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(29) (2017) 23057-23068.
[22] W. Liang, S.J. Couperthwaite, G. Kaur, C. Yan, D.W. Johnstone, G.J. Millar, Effect of strong acids on red mud structural and fluoride adsorption properties, Journal of colloid and interface science, 423 (2014) 158-165.
[23] C.-j. LIU, Y.-z. LI, Z.-k. LUAN, Z.-y. CHEN, Z.-g. ZHANG, Z.-p. JIA, Adsorption removal of phosphate from aqueous solution by active red mud, Journal of Environmental Sciences, 19(10) (2007) 1166-1170.
[24] B.E. Givens, Z. Xu, J. Fiegel, V.H. Grassian, Bovine serum albumin adsorption on SiO 2 and TiO 2 nanoparticle surfaces at circumneutral and acidic pH: A tale of two nano-bio surface interactions, Journal of colloid and interface science, 493 (2017) 334-341.
[25] W. Cao, Z. Dang, B.-L. Yuan, C.-H. Shen, J. Kan, X.-L. Xue, Sorption kinetics of sulphate ions on quaternary ammonium-modified rice straw, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 20(4) (2014) 2603-2609.
[26] H.N. Tran, S.-J. You, A. Hosseini-Bandegharaei, H.-P. Chao, Mistakes and inconsistencies regarding adsorption of contaminants from aqueous solutions: a critical review, Water Research, 120 (2017) 88-116.
[27] O. Pezoti, A.L. Cazetta, K.C. Bedin, L.S. Souza, A.C. Martins, T.L. Silva, O.O.S. Júnior, J.V. Visentainer, V.C. Almeida, NaOH-activated carbon of high surface area produced from guava seeds as a high-efficiency adsorbent for amoxicillin removal: kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic studies, Chemical Engineering Journal, 288 (2016) 778-788.
[28] X. Chen, Modeling of experimental adsorption isotherm data, Information, 6(1) (2015) 14-22.
[29] M. Ghazy, K. Harby, A.A. Askalany, B.B. Saha, Adsorption isotherms and kinetics of activated carbon/difluoroethane adsorption pair: theory and experiments, International Journal of Refrigeration, 70 (2016) 196-205.
[30] A. Dada, J. Ojediran, A.P. Olalekan, Sorption of from Aqueous Solution unto Modified Rice Husk: Isotherms Studies, Advances in Physical Chemistry, 2013 (2013).
[31] T.A. Khan, S.A. Chaudhry, I. Ali, Equilibrium uptake, isotherm and kinetic studies of Cd (II) adsorption onto iron oxide activated red mud from aqueous solution, Journal of Molecular Liquids, 202 (2015) 165-175.
[32] I. Stepanov, The heats of chemical reactions: the Van't-hoff equation and calorimetry, Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, 219(8) (2005) 1089-1097.
[33] U.R. Lakshmi, V.C. Srivastava, I.D. Mall, D.H. Lataye, Rice husk ash as an effective adsorbent: Evaluation of adsorptive characteristics for Indigo Carmine dye, Journal of Environmental Management, 90(2) (2009) 710-720.
[34] H. Deng, J. Lu, G. Li, G. Zhang, X. Wang, Adsorption of methylene blue on adsorbent materials produced from cotton stalk, Chemical Engineering Journal, 172(1) (2011) 326-334.
[35] M.K. Mondal, R. Garg, A comprehensive review on removal of arsenic using activated carbon prepared from easily available waste materials, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(15) (2017) 13295-13306.
[36] N. Kannan, M.M. Sundaram, Kinetics and mechanism of removal of methylene blue by adsorption on various carbons—a comparative study, Dyes and pigments, 51(1) (2001) 25-40.
[37] V.S. Mane, I.D. Mall, V.C. Srivastava, Kinetic and equilibrium isotherm studies for the adsorptive removal of Brilliant Green dye from aqueous solution by rice husk ash, Journal of Environmental Management, 84(4) (2007) 390-400.
[38] N. Johar, I. Ahmad, A. Dufresne, Extraction, preparation and characterization of cellulose fibres and nanocrystals from rice husk, Industrial Crops and Products, 37(1) (2012) 93-99.
[39] A.S. Thajeel, Isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic of adsorption of heavy metal ions onto local activated carbon, Aquatic Science and Technology, 1(2) (2013) 53-77.
[40] N. Ayawei, A.N. Ebelegi, D. Wankasi, Modelling and interpretation of adsorption isotherms, Journal of Chemistry, 2017 (2017).
[41] F. Yu, Y. Chen, Y. Wang, C. Liu, W. Ma, Enhanced removal of iodide from aqueous solution by ozonation and subsequent adsorption on Ag-Ag2O modified on Carbon Spheres, Applied Surface Science, 427 (2018) 753-762.
[42] I. Bautista-Toledo, J. Rivera-Utrilla, M. Ferro-Garcia, C. Moreno-Castilla, Influence of the oxygen surface complexes of activated carbons on the adsorption of chromium ions from aqueous solutions: effect of sodium chloride and humic acid, Carbon, 32(1) (1994) 93-100.
[43] C.-H. Wu, C.-Y. Kuo, C.-F. Lin, S.-L. Lo, Modeling competitive adsorption of molybdate, sulfate, selenate, and selenite using a Freundlich-type multi-component isotherm, Chemosphere, 47(3) (2002) 283-292.
Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering
Volume 53, Issue 2
May 2021
Pages 439-456

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics