Experimental Investigation of Downstream Erosion Control of Stepped Spillways using Microsilica - Structured and Nano Materials

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Department of Civil Engneering, Faculty of Engneering, University of Zanjan, Iran

2 Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Maragheh, Iran

3 Department of Civil Engneering, Faculty of Engneering, Sahand University Of Technology, Iran

4 A Faculty Member, Maragheh University, Maragheh, Iran

Abstract

Nano-structured materials are waterproof, and they can be used for the reduction of scouring in alluvial beds. In this research, the impact of clay additive and Nanomaterials and Silicafume to sedimentary bed materials of stepped spillway on controlling erosion and scouring are investigated as a Nonstructural solution. Firstly, the effect of the number of steps and flow regime on downstream scouring were studied. The results show that by increasing the number of steps on the same slop of chute and in a skimming flow regime on the steps, the depth and length of the scouring on the downstream of the stepped spillway increases. Then the impact of some injected additives to the sedimentary bed with the same number of steps and skimming flow regime was investigated. The results prove the positive effect of clay and its mixture with Nano-clay and Silicafume on the reduction of scouring length and depth reduction on the weir downstream. The best performance between three different compositions is related to the mixture of clay with Nano-clay and Silicafume in which they contributed in reduction profile of scoring by 48.74% and 46.38% respectively compared with the reference model. At the same time injection of clay to the sedimentary bed reduced the depth and length of scouring by 35.63% and 20.88% and injection of clay with Nanoclay reduced the depth and length of scouring by 41.41% and 37.75% respectively. These results can state the success of clay, Nano-clay, and Silicafume on the scouring control mechanism at downstream of hydraulic structures, especially in flood discharges.

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References

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Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering
Volume 52, Issue 4
July 2020
Pages 827-840

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