Numerical Simulation of Effect of Expansion Angle and End-sill Location on the Hydraulic Jump in Gradually Expanding Stilling Basins

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Civil Engineering Department, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2 Civil Engineering Department, Lamerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran

3 Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Expanding stilling basins not only are effective energy dissipators, but also appropriate translations between hydraulic structures. Hence, the present study aims at numerical simulation of the effect of end-sill location on the energy dissipation. Doing so, Fluent software was employed and hydraulic jump under two divergence angels and four end-sill locations in the range of 4 to 8 Froude number was examined. According to the results, for larger expansion angles, the sequent depth and jump length are lower and energy dissipation is much more. Moreover, as the end-sill closes to the basin’s entrance, the lower sequent depth, shorter jump, and less energy dissipation are observed. For very close locations more instability in the flow surface are seen. Results showed that for a given expansion angel, improving the location of the end-sill can decease 20% the conjugate depth, enhance 90% the amount of energy dissipation, and reduce 26% the jump length.

Keywords

Main Subjects


[1] Z. Shojaeian, S.M. Kashefipoor, Numerical simulation of hydraulic jump in Namroud dam stilling basin, Water and Soil Science, 23(2) (2013) 283-295 (In Persian).
[2] Z. Shojaeian, A. Hosseinzadeh Dalir, M. Daryaee, S.M. Kashefipoor, D. Farsadizadeh, Application of Artificial Neural Network to Estimate Hydraulic Jump Characteristics in Divergent Rectangular Sections on Inverse Slope, Water and Soil Science, 22(3) (2012) 115-126 (in Persian).
[3] A.J. Peterka, Hydraulic design of stilling basins and energy dissipators, US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Engineering Monograph, No.25, Denver, Col. 1984.
[4] W.H. Hager, R. Bremen, Classical hydraulic jump Sequent Depths Ratio, Journal of Hydraulic Research, 27(5) (1989) 566-585.
[5] M.H. Omid, A. Gord-Noshahri, S. Kouchakzadeh, Sill-controlled hydraulic jump in a gradually expanding channel, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Water Management, 163(10) (2015) 515-522.
[6] M.H. Omidi, M. Ismaeil-Varaki, Theoretical and laboratory study of divergent hydraulic jumps in trapezoidal channels, Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 9(2) (2005) 17-29 (in Persian).
[7] R.M. Riegel, J.C. Beebe, The hydraulic jump as a means of dissipating energy, Miami Conservancy District Tech. Rep., part III, 1917.
[8] G.M. Abdel-Aal, A.A. El-Saiad, O.K. Saleh, Hydraulic Jump within a Diverging Rectangular Channel, Engineering Research Journal, 57(1998) 118-128.
[9] G.M. Abdel-Aal, Study of Stilling Basin in Non-Prismatic channels, Scientific Bulletin, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams Univesity, Vol. 35, 2000.
[10] P.W. France, Analysis of The Hydraulic Jump within a Diverging Rectangular Channel, Proc. Instn. Civil Engineering. Part 2, 71(1981) 369-378.
[11] A. Rubatta, Hydraulic Jump in Canal Divergence, L'Energia Elettrica, 41(5) (1963) 783-790.
[12] E.M. Wafaie, Design of Roughened Bed Radial Stilling Basins Applied to Egyptian Practice, Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, 1992.
[13] W.H. Hager, Energy Dissipators and Hydraulic Jump, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1992.
[14] A. Arabhabhirama, A. Abella, Hydraulic Jump within Gradually Expanding Channel, J. Hydraul. Division, 97(HY1) (1971) 31–34.
[15] H. Ghoveisi, M.H. Omid, G.A. Kiker, Investigation of the effect of expansion angle on gradually expanding hydraulic jump in trapezoidal channel, Conference: 2016 American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE), July 2016, DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.25563.98080.
[16] K. Niysi, M. Shafaeebajestan, M. Ghomeshi, S.M. Kashefipoor, Investigation of Hydraulic Jump Characteristics at Roughened Bed of Sudden Expansion Stilling Basin, Irrigation Science and Engineering, 37(2) (2013) 83-93 (in Persian).
[17] R. Bremen, W.H. Hager, Expanding stilling basin, Proc. ICE, Water, Maritime and Energy, 106(1994) 215-228.
[18] A. Khalifa, J. McCorquodale, Simulation of the radial hydraulic jump, Journal of Hydraulic Research, 30(2) (1992) 149-163.
[19] P.C. Nettleton, J.A. Mc-corquodal, Radial stilling basin with baffles, Proceeding Canadian Society for Civil Engineering Montreal, Canada, 2(1983) 561-670.
[20] P.C. Nettleton, J.A. McCorquodale, Radial Stilling Basins with Baffles, Canadian Journal civil Engineering, 16(4) (1989) 489-497.
[21] O.S. Rageh, Effect of Baffle Blocks on the Performance of Radial Hydraulic Jump, Proc. 4th Int.Water Technology Conf. (IWTC99), Alex., Egypt, April 1999, 255-269.
[22] D.V.S. Verma, A. Goel, B.B. Singh, Studies on stilling basins with diverging side walls, Water and Eenrgy International, 60(1) (2003) 23-29.
[23] M.H. Omid, M. Esmaeeli Varaki, R. Narayanan, Gradually expanding hydraulic jump in trapezoidal channel, Journal of Hydraulic Research, 45(4) (2007) 512-518.
[24] M. Esmaeili Varaki, A. Kasi, J. Farhoudi, D. Sen, Hydraulic Jump in a Diverging Channel With an Adverse Slope, Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Civil Engineering, 38(C1) (2014) 111-121.
[25] M. Shafai Bejestan, K. Neisi, A New Roughened Bed Hydraulic Jump Stilling Basin, Asian Journal of Applied Sciences 2(5) (2009) 436-445.
[26] J. Diant, A laboratory study of the effect of divergence on hydraulic jump in a divergent stilling basin, Master's thesis, Shiraz University, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, 2013.
[27] M. Asefi, A.N. ziaei, Two-dimensional numerical simulation of hydraulic jump on inverse slope channels having end-sill with FLUENT, Sixth National Congress of Civil Engineering, 6 and 7 May 2011, Semnan, Iran (in Persian).
[28] F. Jafari, S.A.A. Salehi Neishabouri, Investigating the Effect of Mid Blocks of stilling Basin on Flow in Submerged Hydraulic Jump, Journal of Modarres Civil Engineering, 14(2013) 37-47 (in Persian).
[29] FLUENT 6.1 user's guide. Lebanon, NH, Fluent Inc., 2003.
[30] H.K. Versteeg, W. Malalasekera, An introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics: The Finite Volume Method, Pearson Education. Pearson Education Limited, 2007.
[31] H. Babaali, A. Shamsai, H. Vosoughifar, Computational Modeling of the Hydraulic Jump in the Stilling Basin with ConvergenceWalls Using CFD Codes, Arab. J. Sci. Eng., 40(2015) 381–395.
[32] Y. Shekari, M. Javan, A. Eghbalzadeh, Effect of turbulence models on the submerged hydraulic jump simulation, Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics, 56(3) (2015)454-46.