Secondary Compression Characteristics of Northern Parts of Iran Soils Based on (ca/cc) Concept

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Abstract

On the end of 1970s.The concept of (Ca/Cc) was developed by Mesri et al. in order to analyze the secondary compression settlements. There is a general acceptance in the (Ca/Cc) concept after many investigations made with different soil specimens.
We have found no studies signifying the properties of secondary compression of the soils in various part of Iran considering constant (Ca/Cc) concept, also there were no reports on the value of (Ca/Cc) ratio on Iran’s soils. So,in this paper the secondary compression behavior of Iran’s soils was investigated through the performance of a series of conventional and long-duration one-dimensional consolidation tests conducted on undisturbed samples from six different sites in the central and northern parts of Iran. The characteristics of secondary compression index were examined, and the relationship between the coefficient of secondary compression, (Ca), and the compression index (Cc), was established for all of these soils. The results of comparison between secondary compression index equations and (Ca/Cc) ratio concept show the ability of this concept to estimating the secondary compression index of samples

Keywords


[1]Terzaghi K.; “Settlement and Consolidation of Clay”, Engineering News-Record, 26 Nov.,pp. 874 - 878,(1925).
[2]Taylor D.W.; Merchant,W.; “A Theory of Clay Consolidation Accounting for Secondary Compression”J. maths. And Physics, 19(3), pp. 167 - 185, (1940).
[3]Wahls H.E. “Analyzing of Primary and Secondary Consolidation”, Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division, ASCE, Vol.88, SM6 ,pp. 207 -231, (1962).
[4]Horn H.M.; Lamb T.W.; “ Settlement of the Buildings on the MIT campus” Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division. ASCE, Vol.90, SM5, pp.181 -195, (1964).
[5]Kenne P.; “ Discussion to Horn, H.M. and Lamb, T.W. Settlement of the Buildings on the MIT campus”,Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division.ASCE, Vol.90, SM5, pp.95-107, (1965)._
[6]Walker L.K.; Raymond G.P.; “prediction of Consolidation Rate in a Cemented Clay”, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol.5, No.4, PP.192 - 216,(1968).
[7]Walker L.K. “Secondary Settlement in Sensitive Clays, Canadian Geotechnical Journal”,Vol.6, NO.2, pp. 219 -222, (1969).
[8]Mesri G. “Coefficient of Secondary Compression”, Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division,ASCE, Vol.99 ,SM1 ,pp. 123 - 137, (1973).
[9]Ladd C.C.; “Settlement Analysis for Cohesive Soils”, Res. Rpt. R71-2 No.272, Department of Civil Engineering, Mass. Institute of Technology,Cambridge, Ma, 115p, (1973).
[10]Simon N.E. “ Normaly Consolidated and Lightly Over- Consolidated Cohesive Materials, Review Paper:Session II, in Proceedings”, Conference on Settlement of Structures, British Geotechnical Society, pp.500 -503, (1974)._
[11]Mesri G.; Godlewski P.M.; “Time-and Stress - Compressibility Interrelationship”, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, No.103,GT5, 417 - 430, (1977)._
[12]Crawford C.B. “ State of the Art: Evaluate and Interpretation of Soil Consolidation Tests,Consolidation of Soils”, Testing And Evaluation,ASTM STP 892, R.N.Yong and F.C. Townsend Eds.ASTM, Philadelphia,_pp. 71 - 103, (1986)._
[13]Nakase A. et al. “Constitutive parameters estimated by plasticity index”, JGED, ASCE, Vol 114, GT 7, July,pp 844 - 858, (1988).
[14]Mesri G. “Primary Compression and Secondary Compression”, Soft Ground Construction 2001,Behavior of Soft Soils, pp.122 - 166, (2001)._
[15]Mesri G.; Vardhanabhuti B. “Secondary Compression”, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenviromental Engineering, ASCE.Vol. 131, No.3, pp.398 - 401,(2005)._
[16]Fox P.J.; Edil B.; Lan L.T.; “ Closure on C_/Cc Concept Applied to Comprassion of Peat”, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenviromental Engineering”,ASCE. August, Vol.118 No. 8. pp 767 - 770, (1992)._
[17]Yin J.H. “Non-linear Creep of Soils in odeometer tests”, Geotechnique , Vol. 49, No. 5, pp 699 - 707,(1999).
[18]Mesri G.; Vardhanabhuti B. “ Closure to Secondary Compression”, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenviromental Engineering, ASCE. June, pp 817 - 818, (2006)._
[19]Terzaghi K.; Peck B.; Mesri G. “Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice”, Third Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. TA 710.T39 9, (1995)._
[20]Nash D. F. T.; Sills G. C.; Davison, L. R. “One- dimensional consolidation testing of soft clay from Bothkennar”. Geotechnique, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 241-256, (1999)._
[21]Gao Y.; Hehua Z.; yang X. “ Application of Relationship Between C_ and OCR* in 1-D Compression Analysis for Clays”, ASCE. Vol.6, NO.2,pp. 219-222, (2007)._