بهینه سازی زمان و هزینه در استقرار سکونت گاه های اسکان موقت پس از بحران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 1گروه عمران، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

2 2گروه عمران، واحد قشم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قشم، ایران

چکیده

در ایران سابقه وقوع حوادث و بحران‌های طبیعی و غیرطبیعی زیادی وجود دارد. از جمله بحران‌های طبیعی می‌توان به زلزله، سیل، طوفان، ریزگرد، رانش زمین و آتش ً سوزی اشاره کرد. معمولا در هر بحران، منازل و سکونت گاه‌های عده زیادی از افراد دچار خسارت می‌شوند و عدهای نیز دچار صدمات مالی و جانی می‌گردند. موضوع اسکان موقت آسیب دیدگان هر بحران، از جمله دغدغه‌ها و وظایف اصلی مسئولان هرکشور می‌باشد. عملیات اسکان موقت بایستی با رعایت موازینی صورت گیرد که از جمله آنها میتوان به بهینهسازی زمان و هزینه ساخت و بهره‌برداری محل اشاره کرد. امروزه پیشرفت‌های زیادی در دنیا جهت احداث سکونت گاه‌های اسکان موقت حاصل شده که این پیشرفت‌ها سبب گردیده تا سرعت ساخت و کیفیت آنها تا حد زیادی بهبود یابد. همچنین با بررسی شرایط کشور امکان بهینه سازی زمان و هزینه احداث سکونت گاه‌های و توسعه آنها با "الگوریتم بهینه سازی اندازه ذرات" و نرمافزار MATLABدر ایران مورد بررسی واقع شد. هدف از این تحقیق، آرایش بهینه بلوک‌های جمعیتی در سکونت گاه‌ها است به نحوی که، اولا بیش از ظرفیت هر سکونت گاه در آن اسکان داده نشوند و ثانیا" کمترین فاصله و هزینه جهت جابجایی جمعیت صرف گردد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که هر بلوک جمعیتی به کدام سکونت‌گاه بایستی حرکت کند تا در نهایت هزینه و زمان عملیات بهینه گردند. با توجه به ظرفیت محدود سکونت گاه‌های اسکان موقت، اضافه جمعیت برخی از بلوک‌های جمعیتی بایستی به چندین سکونت‌گاه حرکت کنند. از مزایای سازه‌های سکونت گاه‌های اسکان موقت، نصب سریع، هزینه کم و انبارداری راحت آنها در مقایسه با سایر سازه‌ها می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimization of Time and Cost in Establishment of Temporary Accommodations after the Crisis

نویسندگان [English]

  • S.F Sajedi 1
  • S.H. Hashemi 2
  • S.M. Kalvandi 2
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Department of Civil Engineering, Qeshm Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran
چکیده [English]

There is a long history of occurrences for events and natural &/ un-natural crisis in Iran. Some natural crisis are as earthquake, flood, storm, reaper, landslide and fire. Generally, in every crisis the homes and accommodations of majority of people are damaged and some people getting into financial and psychological damages. Temporary accommodation of injured people in every crisis is the main task for the authorities of each country. Temporary accommodation operation should be conducted with due observance on the rules such as time, cost and operation of the site. Nowadays, much progresses has been conducted in the world in building of the temporary accommodations and then construction velocity and quality were improved. In this research, Iran’s country conditions were studied and optimization of time and cost of building of temporary accommodations were investigated using both of particle size optimization algorithm (PSOA) and MATLAB software. The aim of research was optimal distribution of demographic blocks in residences so that firstly, do not exceed the capacity of any settlement and secondly, the minimum distance and cost for moving the population is spent. The obtained results showed finally that for optimization of time and cost of operation which demographic block should be moved to what accommodation. Regarding to the limited capacity of every settlement, the population overflow for some demographic blocks should be moved to several settlements. Some advantages for settlements structures compared to others, are as fast installation, low cost, and convenient storage.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Temporary accommodations Accommodations
  • Crisis
  • Time
  • Cost
  • Particle Size Optimization Algorithm (PSOA)
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