Amirkabir University of Technology Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering 2588-297X 56 5 2024 07 22 An Experimental Analysis of the Impact of the Transverse Distance of Cubic Obstacles on the Hydraulic Characteristics of Transverse Waves in Staggered Arrangements An Experimental Analysis of the Impact of the Transverse Distance of Cubic Obstacles on the Hydraulic Characteristics of Transverse Waves in Staggered Arrangements 551 568 5410 10.22060/ceej.2024.22137.7913 FA Kimiya Kamaei Department of Water Structures, Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran Mehdi Ghomeshi Department of Water Structures, Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran 0000-0002-8361-1645 Mehdi Daryaee Department of Water Structures, Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran Seyed Mahmoud Kashefipour Department of Water Structures, Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran Journal Article 2023 01 29 Transverse waves are formed by obstacles such as vegetation, bridge piers, and docks in the flow path. the present study investigated the effect of the transversal distance of cubic obstacles on the hydraulic characterization of transverse waves with four-wave modes in resonance. The obstacles were arranged staggered at two transversal distances and a constant longitudinal distance. All experiments were performed in a flume with a length of 16 m, a width of 1.25 m, and a height of 0.6 m. The flow discharge was varied between 30 and 38 lit/s in the experiments. The results showed that the flow regime was turbulent and sub-critical in experiments. In resonance, the Obstacle Reynolds Number and Froude Number were within the range of 2319<<em>Re</em><5627 and 0.055<<em>Fr</em><0.210 respectively. In resonance, the relative amplitude of the wave increases by increasing the transversal distance of obstacles (decreasing the density of obstacles), and the highest relative amplitude of 33% was obtained for <em>T/D</em>=9.6, wave mode IV, and <em>Q</em>=30 lit/s. With the increase in discharge, the relative amplitude of the wave in each transversal distance and all four wave modes decreased. Transverse waves are formed by obstacles such as vegetation, bridge piers, and docks in the flow path. the present study investigated the effect of the transversal distance of cubic obstacles on the hydraulic characterization of transverse waves with four-wave modes in resonance. The obstacles were arranged staggered at two transversal distances and a constant longitudinal distance. All experiments were performed in a flume with a length of 16 m, a width of 1.25 m, and a height of 0.6 m. The flow discharge was varied between 30 and 38 lit/s in the experiments. The results showed that the flow regime was turbulent and sub-critical in experiments. In resonance, the Obstacle Reynolds Number and Froude Number were within the range of 2319<<em>Re</em><5627 and 0.055<<em>Fr</em><0.210 respectively. In resonance, the relative amplitude of the wave increases by increasing the transversal distance of obstacles (decreasing the density of obstacles), and the highest relative amplitude of 33% was obtained for <em>T/D</em>=9.6, wave mode IV, and <em>Q</em>=30 lit/s. With the increase in discharge, the relative amplitude of the wave in each transversal distance and all four wave modes decreased. https://ceej.aut.ac.ir/article_5410_4ff6fa96179cdc2838e8d8ce64cd10a7.pdf